refactor: improve system stability, performance, and code structure

This commit introduces several architectural improvements and optimizations across the codebase: - **Performance & Reliability**: - Implemented Redis pipelining in `ConversationCache.CacheMessage` to reduce network round-trips. - Added a circuit breaker to the JPush client to prevent cascading failures. - Introduced batch deletion and batch member addition capabilities in repositories. - Added message idempotency support using `client_msg_id` and a Redis-based cache. - Optimized WebSocket handling with connection limits (total and per-user) and improved error logging. - **Code Refactoring**: - Refactored `Router` to use a `RouterDeps` struct, simplifying the constructor and improving maintainability. - Unified model ID generation logic using new `id_helper.go` (supporting UUID and Snowflake). - Standardized JSON serialization/deserialization in models using `json_helper.go`. - Refactored DTO conversion logic, specifically for `UserResponse` (using functional options) and `Report` responses. - Removed redundant/deprecated DTOs like `PostDetailResponse` and `TradeItemDetailResponse`. - **Cache Improvements**: - Enhanced `LayeredCache` with `SetRaw` to avoid double-encoding when promoting values from Redis to local cache. - Added `DeleteBatch` support to the cache interface. - **Other Changes**: - Cleaned up `config.go` by removing redundant default values and explicit environment variable overrides. - Improved WebSocket registration flow to handle connection limits gracefully.
2026-05-04 13:07:03 +08:00
parent b2b55ea52d
commit ee78071d4d
65 changed files with 1293 additions and 975 deletions
--- a/.kilo/package-lock.json
+++ b/.kilo/package-lock.json
@@ -5,21 +5,22 @@
  "packages": {
    "": {
      "dependencies": {
-        "@kilocode/plugin": "7.2.10"
+        "@kilocode/plugin": "7.2.31"
      }
    },
    "node_modules/@kilocode/plugin": {
-      "version": "7.2.10",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@kilocode/plugin/-/plugin-7.2.10.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-VJPhJC+E5WWu7XgEJzrVOxKJlwJ+OATwxEzgjqEPj8KN5N38YxUPBY/rzUTjv90x7nkzyk1rFGfCVqXdA/Koug==",
+      "version": "7.2.31",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@kilocode/plugin/-/plugin-7.2.31.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-KmKTTIly7hRlJdXKhqZ/j/brvTPh0z0UTjWSjJWq5fqf4pATgYGn7G0g3ZjILnN7MUkkZXuljgqExTEeQJHGkQ==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
-        "@kilocode/sdk": "7.2.10",
+        "@kilocode/sdk": "7.2.31",
+        "effect": "4.0.0-beta.48",
        "zod": "4.1.8"
      },
      "peerDependencies": {
-        "@opentui/core": ">=0.1.97",
-        "@opentui/solid": ">=0.1.97"
+        "@opentui/core": ">=0.1.100",
+        "@opentui/solid": ">=0.1.100"
      },
      "peerDependenciesMeta": {
        "@opentui/core": {
@@ -31,14 +32,98 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/@kilocode/sdk": {
-      "version": "7.2.10",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@kilocode/sdk/-/sdk-7.2.10.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-H6jGXYAhN/yjOGX3MRZ0OxyEAuRGY3VOwDbLTh4O6ljpgutFHaLvomDZ82qNVy7gl7AjJgi3SAQAt9UQpeGl/w==",
+      "version": "7.2.31",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@kilocode/sdk/-/sdk-7.2.31.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Sx05yv+3TIlc6M4Ze+YGgKCLoIg8B0WRE15JXDriVncT+wz7M6+e+4mjNWkwfsuywdeOTYPfeFViqX8iO7ckKA==",
      "license": "MIT",
      "dependencies": {
        "cross-spawn": "7.0.6"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-darwin-arm64": {
+      "version": "3.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-darwin-arm64/-/msgpackr-extract-darwin-arm64-3.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-QZHtlVgbAdy2zAqNA9Gu1UpIuI8Xvsd1v8ic6B2pZmeFnFcMWiPLfWXh7TVw4eGEZ/C9TH281KwhVoeQUKbyjw==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "arm64"
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "darwin"
+      ]
+    },
+    "node_modules/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-darwin-x64": {
+      "version": "3.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-darwin-x64/-/msgpackr-extract-darwin-x64-3.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-mdzd3AVzYKuUmiWOQ8GNhl64/IoFGol569zNRdkLReh6LRLHOXxU4U8eq0JwaD8iFHdVGqSy4IjFL4reoWCDFw==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "darwin"
+      ]
+    },
+    "node_modules/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-arm": {
+      "version": "3.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-arm/-/msgpackr-extract-linux-arm-3.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-fg0uy/dG/nZEXfYilKoRe7yALaNmHoYeIoJuJ7KJ+YyU2bvY8vPv27f7UKhGRpY6euFYqEVhxCFZgAUNQBM3nw==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "arm"
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "linux"
+      ]
+    },
+    "node_modules/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-arm64": {
+      "version": "3.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-arm64/-/msgpackr-extract-linux-arm64-3.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-YxQL+ax0XqBJDZiKimS2XQaf+2wDGVa1enVRGzEvLLVFeqa5kx2bWbtcSXgsxjQB7nRqqIGFIcLteF/sHeVtQg==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "arm64"
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "linux"
+      ]
+    },
+    "node_modules/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-x64": {
+      "version": "3.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-x64/-/msgpackr-extract-linux-x64-3.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-cvwNfbP07pKUfq1uH+S6KJ7dT9K8WOE4ZiAcsrSes+UY55E/0jLYc+vq+DO7jlmqRb5zAggExKm0H7O/CBaesg==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "linux"
+      ]
+    },
+    "node_modules/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-win32-x64": {
+      "version": "3.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-win32-x64/-/msgpackr-extract-win32-x64-3.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-x0fWaQtYp4E6sktbsdAqnehxDgEc/VwM7uLsRCYWaiGu0ykYdZPiS8zCWdnjHwyiumousxfBm4SO31eXqwEZhQ==",
+      "cpu": [
+        "x64"
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "os": [
+        "win32"
+      ]
+    },
+    "node_modules/@standard-schema/spec": {
+      "version": "1.1.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@standard-schema/spec/-/spec-1.1.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-l2aFy5jALhniG5HgqrD6jXLi/rUWrKvqN/qJx6yoJsgKhblVd+iqqU4RCXavm/jPityDo5TCvKMnpjKnOriy0w==",
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
    "node_modules/cross-spawn": {
      "version": "7.0.6",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/cross-spawn/-/cross-spawn-7.0.6.tgz",
@@ -53,12 +138,135 @@
        "node": ">= 8"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/detect-libc": {
+      "version": "2.1.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/detect-libc/-/detect-libc-2.1.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Btj2BOOO83o3WyH59e8MgXsxEQVcarkUOpEYrubB0urwnN10yQ364rsiByU11nZlqWYZm05i/of7io4mzihBtQ==",
+      "license": "Apache-2.0",
+      "optional": true,
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=8"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/effect": {
+      "version": "4.0.0-beta.48",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/effect/-/effect-4.0.0-beta.48.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-MMAM/ZabuNdNmgXiin+BAanQXK7qM8mlt7nfXDoJ/Gn9V8i89JlCq+2N0AiWmqFLXjGLA0u3FjiOjSOYQk5uMw==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@standard-schema/spec": "^1.1.0",
+        "fast-check": "^4.6.0",
+        "find-my-way-ts": "^0.1.6",
+        "ini": "^6.0.0",
+        "kubernetes-types": "^1.30.0",
+        "msgpackr": "^1.11.9",
+        "multipasta": "^0.2.7",
+        "toml": "^4.1.1",
+        "uuid": "^13.0.0",
+        "yaml": "^2.8.3"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/fast-check": {
+      "version": "4.7.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fast-check/-/fast-check-4.7.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-NsZRtqvSSoCP0HbNjUD+r1JH8zqZalyp6gLY9e7OYs7NK9b6AHOs2baBFeBG7bVNsuoukh89x2Yg3rPsul8ziQ==",
+      "funding": [
+        {
+          "type": "individual",
+          "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/dubzzz"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "opencollective",
+          "url": "https://opencollective.com/fast-check"
+        }
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "pure-rand": "^8.0.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=12.17.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/find-my-way-ts": {
+      "version": "0.1.6",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/find-my-way-ts/-/find-my-way-ts-0.1.6.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-a85L9ZoXtNAey3Y6Z+eBWW658kO/MwR7zIafkIUPUMf3isZG0NCs2pjW2wtjxAKuJPxMAsHUIP4ZPGv0o5gyTA==",
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/ini": {
+      "version": "6.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ini/-/ini-6.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-IBTdIkzZNOpqm7q3dRqJvMaldXjDHWkEDfrwGEQTs5eaQMWV+djAhR+wahyNNMAa+qpbDUhBMVt4ZKNwpPm7xQ==",
+      "license": "ISC",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": "^20.17.0 || >=22.9.0"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/isexe": {
      "version": "2.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/isexe/-/isexe-2.0.0.tgz",
      "integrity": "sha512-RHxMLp9lnKHGHRng9QFhRCMbYAcVpn69smSGcq3f36xjgVVWThj4qqLbTLlq7Ssj8B+fIQ1EuCEGI2lKsyQeIw==",
      "license": "ISC"
    },
+    "node_modules/kubernetes-types": {
+      "version": "1.30.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/kubernetes-types/-/kubernetes-types-1.30.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Dew1okvhM/SQcIa2rcgujNndZwU8VnSapDgdxlYoB84ZlpAD43U6KLAFqYo17ykSFGHNPrg0qry0bP+GJd9v7Q==",
+      "license": "Apache-2.0"
+    },
+    "node_modules/msgpackr": {
+      "version": "1.11.12",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/msgpackr/-/msgpackr-1.11.12.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-RBdJ1Un7yGlXWajrkxcSa93nvQ0w4zBf60c0yYv7YtBelP8H2FA7XsfBbMHtXKXUMUxH7zV3Zuozh+kUQWhHvg==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optionalDependencies": {
+        "msgpackr-extract": "^3.0.2"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/msgpackr-extract": {
+      "version": "3.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/msgpackr-extract/-/msgpackr-extract-3.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-P0efT1C9jIdVRefqjzOQ9Xml57zpOXnIuS+csaB4MdZbTdmGDLo8XhzBG1N7aO11gKDDkJvBLULeFTo46wwreA==",
+      "hasInstallScript": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "node-gyp-build-optional-packages": "5.2.2"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "download-msgpackr-prebuilds": "bin/download-prebuilds.js"
+      },
+      "optionalDependencies": {
+        "@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-darwin-arm64": "3.0.3",
+        "@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-darwin-x64": "3.0.3",
+        "@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-arm": "3.0.3",
+        "@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-arm64": "3.0.3",
+        "@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-linux-x64": "3.0.3",
+        "@msgpackr-extract/msgpackr-extract-win32-x64": "3.0.3"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/multipasta": {
+      "version": "0.2.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/multipasta/-/multipasta-0.2.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-KPA58d68KgGil15oDqXjkUBEBYc00XvbPj5/X+dyzeo/lWm9Nc25pQRlf1D+gv4OpK7NM0J1odrbu9JNNGvynA==",
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/node-gyp-build-optional-packages": {
+      "version": "5.2.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/node-gyp-build-optional-packages/-/node-gyp-build-optional-packages-5.2.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-s+w+rBWnpTMwSFbaE0UXsRlg7hU4FjekKU4eyAih5T8nJuNZT1nNsskXpxmeqSK9UzkBl6UgRlnKc8hz8IEqOw==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "optional": true,
+      "dependencies": {
+        "detect-libc": "^2.0.1"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "node-gyp-build-optional-packages": "bin.js",
+        "node-gyp-build-optional-packages-optional": "optional.js",
+        "node-gyp-build-optional-packages-test": "build-test.js"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/path-key": {
      "version": "3.1.1",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path-key/-/path-key-3.1.1.tgz",
@@ -68,6 +276,22 @@
        "node": ">=8"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/pure-rand": {
+      "version": "8.4.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/pure-rand/-/pure-rand-8.4.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-IoM8YF/jY0hiugFo/wOWqfmarlE6J0wc6fDK1PhftMk7MGhVZl88sZimmqBBFomLOCSmcCCpsfj7wXASCpvK9A==",
+      "funding": [
+        {
+          "type": "individual",
+          "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/dubzzz"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "opencollective",
+          "url": "https://opencollective.com/fast-check"
+        }
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
    "node_modules/shebang-command": {
      "version": "2.0.0",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/shebang-command/-/shebang-command-2.0.0.tgz",
@@ -89,6 +313,28 @@
        "node": ">=8"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/toml": {
+      "version": "4.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/toml/-/toml-4.1.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-EBJnVBr3dTXdA89WVFoAIPUqkBjxPMwRqsfuo1r240tKFHXv3zgca4+NJib/h6TyvGF7vOawz0jGuryJCdNHrw==",
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=20"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/uuid": {
+      "version": "13.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/uuid/-/uuid-13.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-9ezox2roIft6ExBVTVqibSd5dc5/47Sw/uY6b4SjQUT2TzQ0tltNquWA46y4xPQmdZYqvnio22SgWd41M86+jw==",
+      "funding": [
+        "https://github.com/sponsors/broofa",
+        "https://github.com/sponsors/ctavan"
+      ],
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "bin": {
+        "uuid": "dist-node/bin/uuid"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/which": {
      "version": "2.0.2",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/which/-/which-2.0.2.tgz",
@@ -104,6 +350,21 @@
        "node": ">= 8"
      }
    },
+    "node_modules/yaml": {
+      "version": "2.8.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/yaml/-/yaml-2.8.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-ml/JPOj9fOQK8RNnWojA67GbZ0ApXAUlN2UQclwv2eVgTgn7O9gg9o7paZWKMp4g0H3nTLtS9LVzhkpOFIKzog==",
+      "license": "ISC",
+      "bin": {
+        "yaml": "bin.mjs"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 14.6"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/eemeli"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/zod": {
      "version": "4.1.8",
      "license": "MIT",
--- a/cmd/server/app.go
+++ b/cmd/server/app.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (

 	"with_you/internal/config"
 	"with_you/internal/grpc/runner"
+	"with_you/internal/pkg/ws"
 	"with_you/internal/router"
 	"with_you/internal/service"

@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ type App struct {
 	HotRankWorker *service.HotRankWorker
 	GRPCServer    *runner.Server
 	Server        *http.Server
+	WsHub         *ws.Hub
 	Logger        *zap.Logger
 }

@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@ func NewApp(
 	pushService service.PushService,
 	hotRankWorker *service.HotRankWorker,
 	grpcServer *runner.Server,
+	wsHub *ws.Hub,
 	logger *zap.Logger,
 ) *App {
 	return &App{
@@ -44,6 +47,7 @@ func NewApp(
 		PushService:   pushService,
 		HotRankWorker: hotRankWorker,
 		GRPCServer:    grpcServer,
+		WsHub:         wsHub,
 		Logger:        logger,
 	}
 }
@@ -97,7 +101,13 @@ func (a *App) Start(ctx context.Context) error {
 func (a *App) Stop(ctx context.Context) error {
 	a.Logger.Info("Shutting down server")

-	// 1. 停止 HTTP 服务器
+	// 1. 关闭所有 WebSocket 连接
+	if a.WsHub != nil {
+		a.Logger.Info("Closing WebSocket connections")
+		a.WsHub.CloseAllConnections()
+	}
+
+	// 3. 停止 HTTP 服务器
 	if a.Server != nil {
 		a.Logger.Info("Stopping HTTP server")
 		if err := a.Server.Shutdown(ctx); err != nil {
@@ -107,13 +117,13 @@ func (a *App) Stop(ctx context.Context) error {
 		}
 	}

-	// 2. 停止 gRPC 服务器
+	// 4. 停止 gRPC 服务器
 	if a.GRPCServer != nil {
 		a.Logger.Info("Stopping gRPC server")
 		a.GRPCServer.Stop()
 	}

-	// 3. 停止推送 Worker
+	// 5. 停止推送 Worker
 	a.Logger.Info("Stopping push worker")
 	a.PushService.StopPushWorker()

@@ -122,7 +132,7 @@ func (a *App) Stop(ctx context.Context) error {
 		a.HotRankWorker.Stop()
 	}

-	// 4. 关闭数据库连接
+	// 6. 关闭数据库连接
 	a.Logger.Info("Closing database connection")
 	sqlDB, err := a.DB.DB()
 	if err == nil {
--- a/cmd/server/wire.go
+++ b/cmd/server/wire.go
@@ -55,47 +55,47 @@ func ProvideRouter(
 	verificationHandler *handler.VerificationHandler,
 	adminVerificationHandler *handler.AdminVerificationHandler,
 	adminProfileAuditHandler *handler.AdminProfileAuditHandler,
-	setupHandler            *handler.SetupHandler,
+	setupHandler *handler.SetupHandler,
 	logService *service.LogService,
 	activityService service.UserActivityService,
 	casbinService service.CasbinService,
 	wsHandler *handler.WSHandler,
 ) *router.Router {
-	return router.New(
-		userRepo,
-		userHandler,
-		postHandler,
-		commentHandler,
-		messageHandler,
-		notificationHandler,
-		uploadHandler,
-		jwtService,
-		pushHandler,
-		systemMessageHandler,
-		groupHandler,
-		stickerHandler,
-		voteHandler,
-		channelHandler,
-		scheduleHandler,
-		roleHandler,
-		adminUserHandler,
-		adminPostHandler,
-		adminCommentHandler,
-		adminGroupHandler,
-		adminDashboardHandler,
-		adminLogHandler,
-		qrcodeHandler,
-		materialHandler,
-		callHandler,
-		reportHandler,
-		adminReportHandler,
-		verificationHandler,
-		adminVerificationHandler,
-		adminProfileAuditHandler,
-		setupHandler,
-		logService,
-		activityService,
-		casbinService,
-		wsHandler,
-	)
+	return router.New(router.RouterDeps{
+		UserRepo:                 userRepo,
+		UserHandler:              userHandler,
+		PostHandler:              postHandler,
+		CommentHandler:           commentHandler,
+		MessageHandler:           messageHandler,
+		NotificationHandler:      notificationHandler,
+		UploadHandler:            uploadHandler,
+		JWTService:               jwtService,
+		PushHandler:              pushHandler,
+		SystemMessageHandler:     systemMessageHandler,
+		GroupHandler:             groupHandler,
+		StickerHandler:           stickerHandler,
+		VoteHandler:              voteHandler,
+		ChannelHandler:           channelHandler,
+		ScheduleHandler:          scheduleHandler,
+		RoleHandler:              roleHandler,
+		AdminUserHandler:         adminUserHandler,
+		AdminPostHandler:         adminPostHandler,
+		AdminCommentHandler:      adminCommentHandler,
+		AdminGroupHandler:        adminGroupHandler,
+		AdminDashboardHandler:    adminDashboardHandler,
+		AdminLogHandler:          adminLogHandler,
+		QRCodeHandler:            qrcodeHandler,
+		MaterialHandler:          materialHandler,
+		CallHandler:              callHandler,
+		ReportHandler:            reportHandler,
+		AdminReportHandler:       adminReportHandler,
+		VerificationHandler:      verificationHandler,
+		AdminVerificationHandler: adminVerificationHandler,
+		AdminProfileAuditHandler: adminProfileAuditHandler,
+		SetupHandler:             setupHandler,
+		LogService:               logService,
+		ActivityService:          activityService,
+		CasbinService:            casbinService,
+		WSHandler:                wsHandler,
+	})
 }
--- a/cmd/server/wire_gen.go
+++ b/cmd/server/wire_gen.go
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ func InitializeApp() (*App, error) {
 	tradeHandler := handler.NewTradeHandler(tradeService)
 	router := ProvideRouter(userRepository, userHandler, postHandler, commentHandler, messageHandler, notificationHandler, uploadHandler, jwtService, pushHandler, systemMessageHandler, groupHandler, stickerHandler, voteHandler, channelHandler, scheduleHandler, roleHandler, adminUserHandler, adminPostHandler, adminCommentHandler, adminGroupHandler, adminDashboardHandler, adminLogHandler, qrCodeHandler, materialHandler, callHandler, reportHandler, adminReportHandler, verificationHandler, adminVerificationHandler, adminProfileAuditHandler, setupHandler, tradeHandler, logService, userActivityService, casbinService, wsHandler)
 	hotRankWorker := wire.ProvideHotRankWorker(config, postRepository, channelRepository, cache)
-	app := NewApp(config, db, router, pushService, hotRankWorker, server, logger)
+	app := NewApp(config, db, router, pushService, hotRankWorker, server, hub, logger)
 	return app, nil
 }

@@ -194,42 +194,42 @@ func ProvideRouter(
 	casbinService service.CasbinService,
 	wsHandler *handler.WSHandler,
 ) *router.Router {
-	return router.New(
-		userRepo,
-		userHandler,
-		postHandler,
-		commentHandler,
-		messageHandler,
-		notificationHandler,
-		uploadHandler,
-		jwtService,
-		pushHandler,
-		systemMessageHandler,
-		groupHandler,
-		stickerHandler,
-		voteHandler,
-		channelHandler,
-		scheduleHandler,
-		roleHandler,
-		adminUserHandler,
-		adminPostHandler,
-		adminCommentHandler,
-		adminGroupHandler,
-		adminDashboardHandler,
-		adminLogHandler,
-		qrcodeHandler,
-		materialHandler,
-		callHandler,
-		reportHandler,
-		adminReportHandler,
-		verificationHandler,
-		adminVerificationHandler,
-		adminProfileAuditHandler,
-		setupHandler,
-		tradeHandler,
-		logService,
-		activityService,
-		casbinService,
-		wsHandler,
-	)
+	return router.New(router.RouterDeps{
+		UserRepo:                 userRepo,
+		UserHandler:              userHandler,
+		PostHandler:              postHandler,
+		CommentHandler:           commentHandler,
+		MessageHandler:           messageHandler,
+		NotificationHandler:      notificationHandler,
+		UploadHandler:            uploadHandler,
+		JWTService:               jwtService,
+		PushHandler:              pushHandler,
+		SystemMessageHandler:     systemMessageHandler,
+		GroupHandler:             groupHandler,
+		StickerHandler:           stickerHandler,
+		VoteHandler:              voteHandler,
+		ChannelHandler:           channelHandler,
+		ScheduleHandler:          scheduleHandler,
+		RoleHandler:              roleHandler,
+		AdminUserHandler:         adminUserHandler,
+		AdminPostHandler:         adminPostHandler,
+		AdminCommentHandler:      adminCommentHandler,
+		AdminGroupHandler:        adminGroupHandler,
+		AdminDashboardHandler:    adminDashboardHandler,
+		AdminLogHandler:          adminLogHandler,
+		QRCodeHandler:            qrcodeHandler,
+		MaterialHandler:          materialHandler,
+		CallHandler:              callHandler,
+		ReportHandler:            reportHandler,
+		AdminReportHandler:       adminReportHandler,
+		VerificationHandler:      verificationHandler,
+		AdminVerificationHandler: adminVerificationHandler,
+		AdminProfileAuditHandler: adminProfileAuditHandler,
+		SetupHandler:             setupHandler,
+		TradeHandler:             tradeHandler,
+		LogService:               logService,
+		ActivityService:          activityService,
+		CasbinService:            casbinService,
+		WSHandler:                wsHandler,
+	})
 }
--- a/internal/cache/cache.go
+++ b/internal/cache/cache.go
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ type Cache interface {
 	Increment(key string) int64
 	// IncrementBy 增加指定值
 	IncrementBy(key string, value int64) int64
+	// DeleteBatch 批量删除多个 key（使用 Pipeline 减少网络往返）
+	DeleteBatch(keys []string)

 	// ==================== Hash 操作 ====================
 	// HSet 设置 Hash 字段
--- a/internal/cache/conversation_cache.go
+++ b/internal/cache/conversation_cache.go
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
+
 	"with_you/internal/model"

 	"go.uber.org/zap"
@@ -618,11 +620,11 @@ func (c *ConversationCache) GetMessagesBeforeSeq(ctx context.Context, convID str
 	return messages, nil
 }

-// CacheMessage 缓存单条消息（立即写入缓存）
-// 写入 Hash、Sorted Set、更新计数
+// CacheMessage 缓存单条消息（使用 Redis Pipeline 减少网络往返）
 func (c *ConversationCache) CacheMessage(ctx context.Context, convID string, msg *model.Message) error {
 	hashKey := MessageHashKey(convID)
 	indexKey := MessageIndexKey(convID)
+	countKey := MessageCountKey(convID)

 	msgData := MessageCacheDataFromModel(msg)
 	data, err := json.Marshal(msgData)
@@ -630,23 +632,34 @@ func (c *ConversationCache) CacheMessage(ctx context.Context, convID string, msg
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal message: %w", err)
 	}

-	// HSET 消息详情
-	if err := c.cache.HSet(ctx, hashKey, fmt.Sprintf("%d", msg.Seq), string(data)); err != nil {
+	hashKey = ResolveKey(hashKey)
+	indexKey = ResolveKey(indexKey)
+	countKey = ResolveKey(countKey)
+
+	redisCache, ok := c.cache.(*RedisCache)
+	if ok {
+		rdb := redisCache.GetRedisClient().GetClient()
+		pipe := rdb.Pipeline()
+		pipe.HSet(ctx, hashKey, fmt.Sprintf("%d", msg.Seq), string(data))
+		pipe.ZAdd(ctx, indexKey, redis.Z{Score: float64(msg.Seq), Member: fmt.Sprintf("%d", msg.Seq)})
+		pipe.Expire(ctx, hashKey, c.settings.MessageDetailTTL)
+		pipe.Expire(ctx, indexKey, c.settings.MessageIndexTTL)
+		pipe.Incr(ctx, countKey)
+		if _, err := pipe.Exec(ctx); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to pipeline cache message: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if err := c.cache.HSet(ctx, MessageHashKey(convID), fmt.Sprintf("%d", msg.Seq), string(data)); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to set hash: %w", err)
 	}
-
-	// ZADD 消息索引
-	if err := c.cache.ZAdd(ctx, indexKey, float64(msg.Seq), fmt.Sprintf("%d", msg.Seq)); err != nil {
+	if err := c.cache.ZAdd(ctx, MessageIndexKey(convID), float64(msg.Seq), fmt.Sprintf("%d", msg.Seq)); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to add to sorted set: %w", err)
 	}
-
-	// 设置 TTL
-	c.cache.Expire(ctx, hashKey, c.settings.MessageDetailTTL)
-	c.cache.Expire(ctx, indexKey, c.settings.MessageIndexTTL)
-
-	// INCR 消息计数
+	c.cache.Expire(ctx, MessageHashKey(convID), c.settings.MessageDetailTTL)
+	c.cache.Expire(ctx, MessageIndexKey(convID), c.settings.MessageIndexTTL)
 	c.cache.Incr(ctx, MessageCountKey(convID))
-
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/cache/keys.go
+++ b/internal/cache/keys.go
@@ -35,11 +35,12 @@ const (
 	PrefixChannelsAllList = "channels:all_list"

 	// 消息缓存相关
-	keyPrefixMsgHash  = "msg_hash"  // 消息详情 Hash
-	keyPrefixMsgIndex = "msg_index" // 消息索引 Sorted Set
-	keyPrefixMsgCount = "msg_count" // 消息计数
-	keyPrefixMsgSeq   = "msg_seq"   // Seq 计数器
-	keyPrefixMsgPage  = "msg_page"  // 分页缓存
+	keyPrefixMsgHash     = "msg_hash"   // 消息详情 Hash
+	keyPrefixMsgIndex    = "msg_index"  // 消息索引 Sorted Set
+	keyPrefixMsgCount    = "msg_count"  // 消息计数
+	keyPrefixMsgSeq      = "msg_seq"    // Seq 计数器
+	keyPrefixMsgPage     = "msg_page"   // 分页缓存
+	keyPrefixMsgIdempotent = "msg_idem"  // 消息幂等键
 )

 // PostListKey 生成帖子列表缓存键
@@ -221,3 +222,13 @@ func MessagePageKey(convID string, page, pageSize int) string {
 func InvalidateMessagePages(cache Cache, conversationID string) {
 	cache.DeleteByPrefix(fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s:", keyPrefixMsgPage, conversationID))
 }
+
+// MessageIdempotentKey 消息幂等键 (clientMsgID -> server MsgID)
+func MessageIdempotentKey(senderID, clientMsgID string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s:%s", keyPrefixMsgIdempotent, senderID, clientMsgID)
+}
+
+// PushDedupKey 推送去重键，防止同一消息重复推送给同一用户
+func PushDedupKey(userID, messageID string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("push_dedup:%s:%s", userID, messageID)
+}
--- a/internal/cache/layered_cache.go
+++ b/internal/cache/layered_cache.go
@@ -111,7 +111,11 @@ func (c *LayeredCache) Get(key string) (any, bool) {
 			c.mu.Unlock()

 			if ttl := c.getLocalTTL(); ttl > 0 {
-				c.local.Set(key, val, ttl)
+				if str, ok := val.(string); ok {
+					c.local.SetRaw(key, []byte(str), ttl)
+				} else {
+					c.local.Set(key, val, ttl)
+				}
 			}
 			return val, true
 		}
@@ -157,6 +161,23 @@ func (c *LayeredCache) DeleteByPrefix(prefix string) {
 	}
 }

+func (c *LayeredCache) DeleteBatch(keys []string) {
+	if !c.enabled || len(keys) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	c.stats.Invalidates += int64(len(keys))
+	c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	for _, k := range keys {
+		c.local.Delete(k)
+	}
+	if c.redis != nil {
+		c.redis.DeleteBatch(keys)
+	}
+}
+
 func (c *LayeredCache) Clear() {
 	c.local.Clear()
 	if c.redis != nil {
--- a/internal/cache/lru.go
+++ b/internal/cache/lru.go
@@ -87,6 +87,39 @@ func (l *LRU) set(key string, value any, ttl time.Duration) {
 	}
 }

+// SetRaw stores raw bytes directly without re-serializing.
+// This avoids double-encoding when promoting values from Redis to local cache.
+func (l *LRU) SetRaw(key string, raw []byte, ttl time.Duration) {
+	var expires time.Time
+	if ttl > 0 {
+		expires = time.Now().Add(ttl)
+	}
+
+	l.lock.Lock()
+	defer l.lock.Unlock()
+
+	if ent, ok := l.items[key]; ok {
+		l.evictList.MoveToFront(ent)
+		e := ent.Value.(*lruEntry)
+		e.value = raw
+		e.expires = expires
+		if e.generation != l.currentGeneration {
+			e.generation = l.currentGeneration
+			l.len++
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	ent := &lruEntry{key, raw, expires, l.currentGeneration}
+	entry := l.evictList.PushFront(ent)
+	l.items[key] = entry
+	l.len++
+
+	if l.evictList.Len() > l.size {
+		l.removeElement(l.evictList.Back())
+	}
+}
+
 func (l *LRU) Get(key string) (any, bool) {
 	val, err := l.getItem(key)
 	if err != nil {
--- a/internal/cache/lru_striped.go
+++ b/internal/cache/lru_striped.go
@@ -106,11 +106,20 @@ func (l *LRUStriped) Name() string {
 }

 func (l *LRUStriped) DeleteMulti(keys []string) error {
-	var err error
 	for _, key := range keys {
 		l.Delete(key)
 	}
-	return err
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (l *LRUStriped) DeleteBatch(keys []string) {
+	for _, key := range keys {
+		l.Delete(key)
+	}
+}
+
+func (l *LRUStriped) SetRaw(key string, raw []byte, ttl time.Duration) {
+	l.keyBucket(key).SetRaw(key, raw, ttl)
 }

 func (l *LRUStriped) GetMulti(keys []string, values []any) []error {
--- a/internal/cache/redis_cache.go
+++ b/internal/cache/redis_cache.go
@@ -82,7 +82,6 @@ func (c *RedisCache) Delete(key string) {
 // DeleteByPrefix 根据前缀删除缓存
 func (c *RedisCache) DeleteByPrefix(prefix string) {
 	prefix = normalizePrefix(prefix)
-	// 使用原生客户端执行SCAN命令
 	rdb := c.client.GetClient()
 	var cursor uint64
 	for {
@@ -112,6 +111,30 @@ func (c *RedisCache) DeleteByPrefix(prefix string) {
 	}
 }

+// DeleteBatch 批量删除多个 key（使用 Redis Pipeline 减少网络往返）
+func (c *RedisCache) DeleteBatch(keys []string) {
+	if len(keys) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	normalizedKeys := make([]string, len(keys))
+	for i, k := range keys {
+		normalizedKeys[i] = normalizeKey(k)
+	}
+
+	recordInvalidateMultiple(int64(len(normalizedKeys)))
+	// 使用 pipeline 批量删除
+	pipe := c.client.GetClient().Pipeline()
+	for _, k := range normalizedKeys {
+		pipe.Del(c.ctx, k)
+	}
+	if _, err := pipe.Exec(c.ctx); err != nil {
+		zap.L().Error("Failed to batch delete keys",
+			zap.Int("count", len(normalizedKeys)),
+			zap.Error(err),
+		)
+	}
+}
+
 // Clear 清空所有缓存
 func (c *RedisCache) Clear() {
 	if settings.DisableFlushDB {
--- a/internal/config/config.go
+++ b/internal/config/config.go
@@ -1,10 +1,7 @@
 package config

 import (
-	"cmp"
 	"fmt"
-	"os"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"

@@ -149,14 +146,6 @@ func Load(configPath string) (*Config, error) {
 	viper.SetDefault("grpc.tls_enabled", false)
 	viper.SetDefault("grpc.tls_cert_file", "")
 	viper.SetDefault("grpc.tls_key_file", "")
-	// Casbin 默认值
-	viper.SetDefault("casbin.model_path", "./configs/casbin/model.conf")
-	viper.SetDefault("casbin.auto_save", true)
-	viper.SetDefault("casbin.auto_load", true)
-	viper.SetDefault("casbin.enable_cache", true)
-	viper.SetDefault("casbin.cache_ttl", 300)
-	viper.SetDefault("casbin.skip_routes", []string{"/health", "/api/v1/auth/login", "/api/v1/auth/register"})
-	// Casbin 默认值
 	viper.SetDefault("casbin.model_path", "./configs/casbin/model.conf")
 	viper.SetDefault("casbin.auto_save", true)
 	viper.SetDefault("casbin.auto_load", true)
@@ -198,96 +187,7 @@ func Load(configPath string) (*Config, error) {
 	cfg.JWT.AccessTokenExpire = time.Duration(viper.GetInt("jwt.access_token_expire")) * time.Second
 	cfg.JWT.RefreshTokenExpire = time.Duration(viper.GetInt("jwt.refresh_token_expire")) * time.Second

-	// 环境变量覆盖（显式处理敏感配置）
-	cfg.JWT.Secret = getEnvOrDefault("APP_JWT_SECRET", cfg.JWT.Secret)
-	cfg.Database.SQLite.Path = getEnvOrDefault("APP_DATABASE_SQLITE_PATH", cfg.Database.SQLite.Path)
-	cfg.Database.Postgres.Host = getEnvOrDefault("APP_DATABASE_POSTGRES_HOST", cfg.Database.Postgres.Host)
-	cfg.Database.Postgres.Port, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_DATABASE_POSTGRES_PORT", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Database.Postgres.Port)))
-	cfg.Database.Postgres.User = getEnvOrDefault("APP_DATABASE_POSTGRES_USER", cfg.Database.Postgres.User)
-	cfg.Database.Postgres.Password = getEnvOrDefault("APP_DATABASE_POSTGRES_PASSWORD", cfg.Database.Postgres.Password)
-	cfg.Database.Postgres.DBName = getEnvOrDefault("APP_DATABASE_POSTGRES_DBNAME", cfg.Database.Postgres.DBName)
-	cfg.Database.LogLevel = getEnvOrDefault("APP_DATABASE_LOG_LEVEL", cfg.Database.LogLevel)
-	cfg.Database.SlowThresholdMs, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_DATABASE_SLOW_THRESHOLD_MS", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Database.SlowThresholdMs)))
-	cfg.Database.IgnoreRecordNotFound, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_DATABASE_IGNORE_RECORD_NOT_FOUND", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Database.IgnoreRecordNotFound)))
-	cfg.Database.ParameterizedQueries, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_DATABASE_PARAMETERIZED_QUERIES", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Database.ParameterizedQueries)))
-	cfg.Redis.Redis.Host = getEnvOrDefault("APP_REDIS_REDIS_HOST", cfg.Redis.Redis.Host)
-	cfg.Redis.Redis.Port, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_REDIS_REDIS_PORT", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Redis.Redis.Port)))
-	cfg.Redis.Redis.Password = getEnvOrDefault("APP_REDIS_REDIS_PASSWORD", cfg.Redis.Redis.Password)
-	cfg.Redis.Redis.DB, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_REDIS_REDIS_DB", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Redis.Redis.DB)))
-	cfg.Redis.Miniredis.Host = getEnvOrDefault("APP_REDIS_MINIREDIS_HOST", cfg.Redis.Miniredis.Host)
-	cfg.Redis.Miniredis.Port, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_REDIS_MINIREDIS_PORT", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Redis.Miniredis.Port)))
-	cfg.Redis.Type = getEnvOrDefault("APP_REDIS_TYPE", cfg.Redis.Type)
-	cfg.Cache.KeyPrefix = getEnvOrDefault("APP_CACHE_KEY_PREFIX", cfg.Cache.KeyPrefix)
-	cfg.Cache.Enabled, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CACHE_ENABLED", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Cache.Enabled)))
-	cfg.Cache.DisableFlushDB, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CACHE_DISABLE_FLUSHDB", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Cache.DisableFlushDB)))
-	cfg.Cache.DefaultTTL, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CACHE_DEFAULT_TTL", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Cache.DefaultTTL)))
-	cfg.Cache.NullTTL, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CACHE_NULL_TTL", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Cache.NullTTL)))
-	cfg.Cache.JitterRatio, _ = strconv.ParseFloat(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CACHE_JITTER_RATIO", fmt.Sprintf("%.2f", cfg.Cache.JitterRatio)), 64)
-	cfg.Cache.Modules.PostList, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CACHE_MODULES_POST_LIST_TTL", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Cache.Modules.PostList)))
-	cfg.Cache.Modules.Conversation, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CACHE_MODULES_CONVERSATION_TTL", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Cache.Modules.Conversation)))
-	cfg.Cache.Modules.UnreadCount, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CACHE_MODULES_UNREAD_COUNT_TTL", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Cache.Modules.UnreadCount)))
-	cfg.Cache.Modules.GroupMembers, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CACHE_MODULES_GROUP_MEMBERS_TTL", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Cache.Modules.GroupMembers)))
-	cfg.S3.Endpoint = getEnvOrDefault("APP_S3_ENDPOINT", cfg.S3.Endpoint)
-	cfg.S3.AccessKey = getEnvOrDefault("APP_S3_ACCESS_KEY", cfg.S3.AccessKey)
-	cfg.S3.SecretKey = getEnvOrDefault("APP_S3_SECRET_KEY", cfg.S3.SecretKey)
-	cfg.S3.Bucket = getEnvOrDefault("APP_S3_BUCKET", cfg.S3.Bucket)
-	cfg.S3.Domain = getEnvOrDefault("APP_S3_DOMAIN", cfg.S3.Domain)
-	cfg.Server.Host = getEnvOrDefault("APP_SERVER_HOST", cfg.Server.Host)
-	cfg.Server.Port, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_SERVER_PORT", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Server.Port)))
-	cfg.Server.Mode = getEnvOrDefault("APP_SERVER_MODE", cfg.Server.Mode)
-	cfg.OpenAI.BaseURL = getEnvOrDefault("APP_OPENAI_BASE_URL", cfg.OpenAI.BaseURL)
-	cfg.OpenAI.APIKey = getEnvOrDefault("APP_OPENAI_API_KEY", cfg.OpenAI.APIKey)
-	cfg.OpenAI.ModerationModel = getEnvOrDefault("APP_OPENAI_MODERATION_MODEL", cfg.OpenAI.ModerationModel)
-	cfg.OpenAI.ModerationMaxImagesPerRequest, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_OPENAI_MODERATION_MAX_IMAGES_PER_REQUEST", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.OpenAI.ModerationMaxImagesPerRequest)))
-	cfg.OpenAI.RequestTimeout, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_OPENAI_REQUEST_TIMEOUT", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.OpenAI.RequestTimeout)))
-	cfg.OpenAI.Enabled, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_OPENAI_ENABLED", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.OpenAI.Enabled)))
-	cfg.OpenAI.StrictModeration, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_OPENAI_STRICT_MODERATION", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.OpenAI.StrictModeration)))
-	// TencentTMS 环境变量覆盖
-	cfg.TencentTMS.Enabled, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_TENCENT_TMS_ENABLED", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.TencentTMS.Enabled)))
-	cfg.TencentTMS.SecretID = getEnvOrDefault("APP_TENCENT_TMS_SECRET_ID", cfg.TencentTMS.SecretID)
-	cfg.TencentTMS.SecretKey = getEnvOrDefault("APP_TENCENT_TMS_SECRET_KEY", cfg.TencentTMS.SecretKey)
-	cfg.TencentTMS.Region = getEnvOrDefault("APP_TENCENT_TMS_REGION", cfg.TencentTMS.Region)
-	cfg.TencentTMS.BizType = getEnvOrDefault("APP_TENCENT_TMS_BIZ_TYPE", cfg.TencentTMS.BizType)
-	cfg.TencentTMS.Timeout, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_TENCENT_TMS_TIMEOUT", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.TencentTMS.Timeout)))
-	cfg.Email.Enabled, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_EMAIL_ENABLED", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Email.Enabled)))
-	cfg.Email.Host = getEnvOrDefault("APP_EMAIL_HOST", cfg.Email.Host)
-	cfg.Email.Port, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_EMAIL_PORT", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Email.Port)))
-	cfg.Email.Username = getEnvOrDefault("APP_EMAIL_USERNAME", cfg.Email.Username)
-	cfg.Email.Password = getEnvOrDefault("APP_EMAIL_PASSWORD", cfg.Email.Password)
-	cfg.Email.FromAddress = getEnvOrDefault("APP_EMAIL_FROM_ADDRESS", cfg.Email.FromAddress)
-	cfg.Email.FromName = getEnvOrDefault("APP_EMAIL_FROM_NAME", cfg.Email.FromName)
-	cfg.Email.UseTLS, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_EMAIL_USE_TLS", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Email.UseTLS)))
-	cfg.Email.InsecureSkipVerify, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_EMAIL_INSECURE_SKIP_VERIFY", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Email.InsecureSkipVerify)))
-	cfg.Email.Timeout, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_EMAIL_TIMEOUT", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Email.Timeout)))
-	// GRPC 环境变量覆盖
-	cfg.GRPC.Enabled, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_GRPC_ENABLED", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.GRPC.Enabled)))
-	cfg.GRPC.Port, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_GRPC_PORT", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.GRPC.Port)))
-	cfg.GRPC.TLSEnabled, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_GRPC_TLS_ENABLED", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.GRPC.TLSEnabled)))
-	cfg.GRPC.TLSCertFile = getEnvOrDefault("APP_GRPC_TLS_CERT_FILE", cfg.GRPC.TLSCertFile)
-	cfg.GRPC.TLSKeyFile = getEnvOrDefault("APP_GRPC_TLS_KEY_FILE", cfg.GRPC.TLSKeyFile)
-	// Casbin 环境变量覆盖
-	cfg.Casbin.ModelPath = getEnvOrDefault("APP_CASBIN_MODEL_PATH", cfg.Casbin.ModelPath)
-	cfg.Casbin.AutoSave, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CASBIN_AUTO_SAVE", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Casbin.AutoSave)))
-	cfg.Casbin.AutoLoad, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CASBIN_AUTO_LOAD", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Casbin.AutoLoad)))
-	cfg.Casbin.EnableCache, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CASBIN_ENABLE_CACHE", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Casbin.EnableCache)))
-	cfg.Casbin.CacheTTL, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_CASBIN_CACHE_TTL", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Casbin.CacheTTL)))
-	// Encryption 环境变量覆盖
-	cfg.Encryption.Enabled, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_ENCRYPTION_ENABLED", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Encryption.Enabled)))
-	cfg.Encryption.Key = getEnvOrDefault("APP_ENCRYPTION_KEY", cfg.Encryption.Key)
-	cfg.Encryption.KeyVersion, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_ENCRYPTION_KEY_VERSION", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Encryption.KeyVersion)))
-	// Sensitive 环境变量覆盖
-	cfg.Sensitive.Enabled, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_SENSITIVE_ENABLED", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Sensitive.Enabled)))
-	cfg.Sensitive.ReplaceStr = getEnvOrDefault("APP_SENSITIVE_REPLACE_STR", cfg.Sensitive.ReplaceStr)
-	cfg.Sensitive.MinMatchLen, _ = strconv.Atoi(getEnvOrDefault("APP_SENSITIVE_MIN_MATCH_LEN", fmt.Sprintf("%d", cfg.Sensitive.MinMatchLen)))
-	cfg.Sensitive.LoadFromDB, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_SENSITIVE_LOAD_FROM_DB", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Sensitive.LoadFromDB)))
-	cfg.Sensitive.LoadFromRedis, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_SENSITIVE_LOAD_FROM_REDIS", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.Sensitive.LoadFromRedis)))
-	cfg.Sensitive.RedisKeyPrefix = getEnvOrDefault("APP_SENSITIVE_REDIS_KEY_PREFIX", cfg.Sensitive.RedisKeyPrefix)
-	cfg.JPush.Enabled, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_JPUSH_ENABLED", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.JPush.Enabled)))
-	cfg.JPush.AppKey = getEnvOrDefault("APP_JPUSH_APP_KEY", cfg.JPush.AppKey)
-	cfg.JPush.MasterSecret = getEnvOrDefault("APP_JPUSH_MASTER_SECRET", cfg.JPush.MasterSecret)
-	cfg.JPush.Production, _ = strconv.ParseBool(getEnvOrDefault("APP_JPUSH_PRODUCTION", fmt.Sprintf("%t", cfg.JPush.Production)))
-
-	cfg.SetupSecret = getEnvOrDefault("APP_SETUP_SECRET", cfg.SetupSecret)
+	// Viper AutomaticEnv 已自动处理所有 APP_ 前缀的环境变量

 	// 安全检查：生产模式必须设置JWT密钥
 	if cfg.Server.Mode != "debug" {
@@ -302,7 +202,4 @@ func Load(configPath string) (*Config, error) {
 	return &cfg, nil
 }

-// getEnvOrDefault 获取环境变量值，如果未设置则返回默认值
-func getEnvOrDefault(key, defaultValue string) string {
-	return cmp.Or(os.Getenv(key), defaultValue)
-}
+
--- a/internal/dto/dto.go
+++ b/internal/dto/dto.go
@@ -177,33 +177,6 @@ type PostResponse struct {
 	Channel         *PostChannelBrief     `json:"channel,omitempty"`
 }

-// PostDetailResponse 帖子详情响应
-type PostDetailResponse struct {
-	ID              string                `json:"id"`
-	UserID          string                `json:"user_id"`
-	ChannelID       *string               `json:"channel_id,omitempty"`
-	Title           string                `json:"title"`
-	Content         string                `json:"content"`
-	Segments        model.MessageSegments `json:"segments,omitempty"`
-	Images          []PostImageResponse   `json:"images"`
-	Status          string                `json:"status"`
-	LikesCount      int                   `json:"likes_count"`
-	CommentsCount   int                   `json:"comments_count"`
-	FavoritesCount  int                   `json:"favorites_count"`
-	SharesCount     int                   `json:"shares_count"`
-	ViewsCount      int                   `json:"views_count"`
-	IsPinned        bool                  `json:"is_pinned"`
-	IsLocked        bool                  `json:"is_locked"`
-	IsVote          bool                  `json:"is_vote"`
-	CreatedAt       string                `json:"created_at"`
-	UpdatedAt       string                `json:"updated_at"`
-	ContentEditedAt string                `json:"content_edited_at,omitempty"`
-	Author          *UserResponse         `json:"author"`
-	IsLiked         bool                  `json:"is_liked"`
-	IsFavorited     bool                  `json:"is_favorited"`
-	Channel         *PostChannelBrief     `json:"channel,omitempty"`
-}
-
 // ==================== Comment DTOs ====================

 // CommentImageResponse 评论图片响应
@@ -454,8 +427,9 @@ type CreateConversationRequest struct {

 // SendMessageRequest 发送消息请求
 type SendMessageRequest struct {
-	Segments  model.MessageSegments `json:"segments" binding:"required"` // 消息链（必须）
-	ReplyToID *string               `json:"reply_to_id,omitempty"`       // 回复的消息ID (string类型)
+	Segments    model.MessageSegments `json:"segments" binding:"required"` // 消息链（必须）
+	ReplyToID   *string               `json:"reply_to_id,omitempty"`         // 回复的消息ID (string类型)
+	ClientMsgID string                `json:"client_msg_id,omitempty"`      // 客户端消息ID（幂等性去重）
 }

 // MarkReadRequest 标记已读请求
@@ -751,10 +725,11 @@ type WSEventResponse struct {

 // SendMessageParams 发送消息参数（用于 REST API）
 type SendMessageParams struct {
-	DetailType     string                `json:"detail_type"`           // 消息类型: private, group
-	ConversationID string                `json:"conversation_id"`       // 会话ID
-	Segments       model.MessageSegments `json:"segments"`              // 消息内容（消息段数组）
-	ReplyToID      *string               `json:"reply_to_id,omitempty"` // 回复的消息ID
+	DetailType     string                `json:"detail_type"`                // 消息类型: private, group
+	ConversationID string                `json:"conversation_id"`            // 会话ID
+	Segments       model.MessageSegments `json:"segments"`                   // 消息内容（消息段数组）
+	ReplyToID      *string               `json:"reply_to_id,omitempty"`      // 回复的消息ID
+	ClientMsgID    string                `json:"client_msg_id,omitempty"`    // 客户端消息ID（幂等性去重）
 }

 // DeleteMsgParams 撤回消息参数
--- a/internal/dto/post_converter.go
+++ b/internal/dto/post_converter.go
@@ -124,50 +124,7 @@ func ConvertPostToResponse(post *model.Post, channelByID map[string]*model.Chann
 	}
 }

-// ConvertPostToDetailResponse 将Post转换为PostDetailResponse；channelByID 可为 nil
-func ConvertPostToDetailResponse(post *model.Post, channelByID map[string]*model.Channel, isLiked, isFavorited bool) *PostDetailResponse {
-	if post == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	images := make([]PostImageResponse, 0)
-	for _, img := range post.Images {
-		images = append(images, ConvertPostImageToResponse(&img))
-	}
-
-	var author *UserResponse
-	if post.User != nil {
-		author = ConvertUserToResponse(post.User)
-	}
-
-	return &PostDetailResponse{
-		ID:              post.ID,
-		UserID:          post.UserID,
-		ChannelID:       post.ChannelID,
-		Title:           post.Title,
-		Content:         post.Content,
-		Segments:        SegmentsOrDefault(post.Segments, post.Content),
-		Images:          images,
-		Status:          string(post.Status),
-		LikesCount:      post.LikesCount,
-		CommentsCount:   post.CommentsCount,
-		FavoritesCount:  post.FavoritesCount,
-		SharesCount:     post.SharesCount,
-		ViewsCount:      post.ViewsCount,
-		IsPinned:        post.IsPinned,
-		IsLocked:        post.IsLocked,
-		IsVote:          post.IsVote,
-		CreatedAt:       FormatTime(post.CreatedAt),
-		UpdatedAt:       FormatTime(post.UpdatedAt),
-		ContentEditedAt: FormatTimePointer(post.ContentEditedAt),
-		Author:          author,
-		IsLiked:         isLiked,
-		IsFavorited:     isFavorited,
-		Channel:         postChannelBrief(post, channelByID),
-	}
-}
-
-// ConvertPostsToResponse 将Post列表转换为响应列表（每个帖子独立检查点赞/收藏状态）；channelByID 可为 nil
+// ConvertPostsToResponse 将Post列表转换为响应列表；channelByID 可为 nil
 func ConvertPostsToResponse(posts []*model.Post, channelByID map[string]*model.Channel, isLikedMap, isFavoritedMap map[string]bool) []*PostResponse {
 	result := make([]*PostResponse, 0, len(posts))
 	for _, post := range posts {
--- a/internal/dto/report.go
+++ b/internal/dto/report.go
@@ -108,6 +108,12 @@ type AdminBatchHandleResponse struct {

 // ==================== 转换函数 ====================

+func baseAdminReportFields(report *model.Report) (string, string) {
+	reason := string(report.Reason)
+	status := string(report.Status)
+	return reason, status
+}
+
 // ConvertReportToResponse 将 Report 模型转换为响应
 func ConvertReportToResponse(report *model.Report) *ReportResponse {
 	return &ReportResponse{
@@ -122,6 +128,19 @@ func ConvertReportToResponse(report *model.Report) *ReportResponse {
 	}
 }

+func fillAdminReportCommon(resp *AdminReportListResponse, report *model.Report, reporter *model.User, handler *model.User) {
+	if reporter != nil {
+		resp.Reporter = ConvertUserToResponse(reporter)
+	}
+	if handler != nil {
+		resp.Handler = ConvertUserToResponse(handler)
+	}
+	if report.HandledAt != nil {
+		handledAt := FormatTime(*report.HandledAt)
+		resp.HandledAt = &handledAt
+	}
+}
+
 // ConvertReportToAdminListResponse 将 Report 转换为管理端列表响应
 func ConvertReportToAdminListResponse(report *model.Report, reporter *model.User, handler *model.User) *AdminReportListResponse {
 	resp := &AdminReportListResponse{
@@ -136,51 +155,34 @@ func ConvertReportToAdminListResponse(report *model.Report, reporter *model.User
 		Result:      report.Result,
 		CreatedAt:   FormatTime(report.CreatedAt),
 	}
-
-	if reporter != nil {
-		resp.Reporter = ConvertUserToResponse(reporter)
-	}
-
-	if handler != nil {
-		resp.Handler = ConvertUserToResponse(handler)
-	}
-
-	if report.HandledAt != nil {
-		handledAt := FormatTime(*report.HandledAt)
-		resp.HandledAt = &handledAt
-	}
-
+	fillAdminReportCommon(resp, report, reporter, handler)
 	return resp
 }

 // ConvertReportToAdminDetailResponse 将 Report 转换为管理端详情响应
 func ConvertReportToAdminDetailResponse(report *model.Report, reporter *model.User, handler *model.User, targetContent *ReportTargetContent) *AdminReportDetailResponse {
 	resp := &AdminReportDetailResponse{
-		ID:          report.ID,
-		ReporterID:  report.ReporterID,
-		TargetType:  string(report.TargetType),
-		TargetID:    report.TargetID,
-		Reason:      string(report.Reason),
-		Description: report.Description,
-		Status:      string(report.Status),
-		HandledBy:   report.HandledBy,
-		Result:      report.Result,
-		CreatedAt:   FormatTime(report.CreatedAt),
+		ID:            report.ID,
+		ReporterID:    report.ReporterID,
+		TargetType:    string(report.TargetType),
+		TargetID:      report.TargetID,
+		Reason:        string(report.Reason),
+		Description:   report.Description,
+		Status:        string(report.Status),
+		HandledBy:     report.HandledBy,
+		Result:        report.Result,
+		CreatedAt:     FormatTime(report.CreatedAt),
 		TargetContent: targetContent,
 	}
-
 	if reporter != nil {
 		resp.Reporter = ConvertUserToResponse(reporter)
 	}
-
 	if handler != nil {
 		resp.Handler = ConvertUserToResponse(handler)
 	}
-
 	if report.HandledAt != nil {
 		handledAt := FormatTime(*report.HandledAt)
 		resp.HandledAt = &handledAt
 	}
-
 	return resp
 }
--- a/internal/dto/trade_converter.go
+++ b/internal/dto/trade_converter.go
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ func ConvertTradeItemToResponse(item *model.TradeItem, isFavorited bool) *TradeI
 		FavoritesCount: item.FavoritesCount,
 		IsFavorited:    isFavorited,
 		Images:         ConvertTradeImagesToResponse(item.Images),
-		CreatedAt:      item.CreatedAt.Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00"),
-		UpdatedAt:      item.UpdatedAt.Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00"),
+		CreatedAt:      FormatTime(item.CreatedAt),
+		UpdatedAt:      FormatTime(item.UpdatedAt),
 	}
 	if len(item.Segments) > 0 {
 		resp.Segments = item.Segments
@@ -66,32 +66,6 @@ func ConvertTradeItemsToResponse(items []*model.TradeItem, favoriteMap map[strin
 	return result
 }

-func ConvertTradeItemToDetailResponse(item *model.TradeItem, isFavorited bool) *TradeItemDetailResponse {
-	if item == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	resp := &TradeItemDetailResponse{
-		ID:             item.ID,
-		UserID:         item.UserID,
-		TradeType:      string(item.TradeType),
-		Category:       string(item.Category),
-		Title:          item.Title,
-		Content:        item.Content,
-		Price:          item.Price,
-		Condition:      item.Condition,
-		Status:         string(item.Status),
-		ViewsCount:     item.ViewsCount,
-		FavoritesCount: item.FavoritesCount,
-		IsFavorited:    isFavorited,
-		Images:         ConvertTradeImagesToResponse(item.Images),
-		CreatedAt:      item.CreatedAt.Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00"),
-		UpdatedAt:      item.UpdatedAt.Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00"),
-	}
-	if len(item.Segments) > 0 {
-		resp.Segments = item.Segments
-	}
-	if item.User != nil {
-		resp.Author = ConvertUserToResponse(item.User)
-	}
-	return resp
+func ConvertTradeItemToDetailResponse(item *model.TradeItem, isFavorited bool) *TradeItemResponse {
+	return ConvertTradeItemToResponse(item, isFavorited)
 }
--- a/internal/dto/trade_dto.go
+++ b/internal/dto/trade_dto.go
@@ -34,26 +34,6 @@ type TradeItemResponse struct {
 	UpdatedAt       string                `json:"updated_at"`
 }

-type TradeItemDetailResponse struct {
-	ID              string                `json:"id"`
-	UserID          string                `json:"user_id"`
-	TradeType       string                `json:"trade_type"`
-	Category        string                `json:"category"`
-	Title           string                `json:"title"`
-	Content         string                `json:"content"`
-	Segments        model.MessageSegments `json:"segments,omitempty"`
-	Images          []TradeImageResponse   `json:"images"`
-	Price           *float64              `json:"price,omitempty"`
-	Condition       string                `json:"condition,omitempty"`
-	Status          string                `json:"status"`
-	ViewsCount      int                   `json:"views_count"`
-	FavoritesCount  int                   `json:"favorites_count"`
-	IsFavorited     bool                  `json:"is_favorited"`
-	Author          *UserResponse         `json:"author"`
-	CreatedAt       string                `json:"created_at"`
-	UpdatedAt       string                `json:"updated_at"`
-}
-
 type CreateTradeItemRequest struct {
 	TradeType     string                `json:"trade_type" binding:"required,oneof=sell buy"`
 	Category      string                `json:"category" binding:"required,oneof=digital book clothing daily cosmetics sport ticket other"`
--- a/internal/dto/user_converter.go
+++ b/internal/dto/user_converter.go
@@ -5,7 +5,20 @@ import (
 	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
 )

-// ==================== User 转换 ====================
+type UserResponseOption func(*UserResponse)
+
+func WithFollowing(isFollowing, isFollowingMe bool) UserResponseOption {
+	return func(r *UserResponse) {
+		r.IsFollowing = isFollowing
+		r.IsFollowingMe = isFollowingMe
+	}
+}
+
+func WithPostsCount(count int) UserResponseOption {
+	return func(r *UserResponse) {
+		r.PostsCount = count
+	}
+}

 // getAvatarOrDefault 获取头像URL，如果为空则返回在线头像生成服务的URL
 func getAvatarOrDefault(user *model.User) string {
@@ -22,8 +35,7 @@ func publicVerificationFields(user *model.User) (model.UserIdentity, model.Verif
 	return model.UserIdentityGeneral, model.VerificationStatusNone
 }

-// ConvertUserToResponse 将User转换为UserResponse（公开信息，不包含敏感数据）
-func ConvertUserToResponse(user *model.User) *UserResponse {
+func baseUserResponse(user *model.User) *UserResponse {
 	if user == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
@@ -47,6 +59,18 @@ func ConvertUserToResponse(user *model.User) *UserResponse {
 	}
 }

+// ConvertUserToResponse 将User转换为UserResponse（公开信息，不包含敏感数据）
+func ConvertUserToResponse(user *model.User, opts ...UserResponseOption) *UserResponse {
+	r := baseUserResponse(user)
+	if r == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	for _, opt := range opts {
+		opt(r)
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
 // ConvertUserToSelfResponse 将User转换为UserSelfResponse（本人信息，包含敏感数据）
 func ConvertUserToSelfResponse(user *model.User, postsCount int) *UserSelfResponse {
 	if user == nil {
@@ -75,151 +99,6 @@ func ConvertUserToSelfResponse(user *model.User, postsCount int) *UserSelfRespon
 	}
 }

-func convertPrivacySettingsToResponse(ps *model.PrivacySettings) *PrivacySettingsResponse {
-	if ps == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return &PrivacySettingsResponse{
-		FollowersVisibility: string(ps.FollowersVisibility),
-		FollowingVisibility: string(ps.FollowingVisibility),
-		PostsVisibility:     string(ps.PostsVisibility),
-		FavoritesVisibility: string(ps.FavoritesVisibility),
-	}
-}
-
-// ConvertUserToResponseWithFollowing 将User转换为UserResponse（包含关注状态，公开信息）
-func ConvertUserToResponseWithFollowing(user *model.User, isFollowing bool) *UserResponse {
-	if user == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	identity, vs := publicVerificationFields(user)
-	return &UserResponse{
-		ID:                 user.ID,
-		Username:           user.Username,
-		Nickname:           user.Nickname,
-		EmailVerified:      user.EmailVerified,
-		Avatar:             getAvatarOrDefault(user),
-		CoverURL:           user.CoverURL,
-		Bio:                user.Bio,
-		Website:            user.Website,
-		Location:           user.Location,
-		PostsCount:         user.PostsCount,
-		FollowersCount:     user.FollowersCount,
-		FollowingCount:     user.FollowingCount,
-		IsFollowing:        isFollowing,
-		IsFollowingMe:      false,
-		CreatedAt:          FormatTime(user.CreatedAt),
-		Identity:           identity,
-		VerificationStatus: vs,
-	}
-}
-
-// ConvertUserToResponseWithPostsCount 将User转换为UserResponse（使用实时计算的帖子数量，公开信息）
-func ConvertUserToResponseWithPostsCount(user *model.User, postsCount int) *UserResponse {
-	if user == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	identity, vs := publicVerificationFields(user)
-	return &UserResponse{
-		ID:                 user.ID,
-		Username:           user.Username,
-		Nickname:           user.Nickname,
-		EmailVerified:      user.EmailVerified,
-		Avatar:             getAvatarOrDefault(user),
-		CoverURL:           user.CoverURL,
-		Bio:                user.Bio,
-		Website:            user.Website,
-		Location:           user.Location,
-		PostsCount:         postsCount,
-		FollowersCount:     user.FollowersCount,
-		FollowingCount:     user.FollowingCount,
-		CreatedAt:          FormatTime(user.CreatedAt),
-		Identity:           identity,
-		VerificationStatus: vs,
-	}
-}
-
-// ConvertUserToResponseWithMutualFollow 将User转换为UserResponse（包含双向关注状态，公开信息）
-func ConvertUserToResponseWithMutualFollow(user *model.User, isFollowing, isFollowingMe bool) *UserResponse {
-	if user == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	identity, vs := publicVerificationFields(user)
-	return &UserResponse{
-		ID:                 user.ID,
-		Username:           user.Username,
-		Nickname:           user.Nickname,
-		EmailVerified:      user.EmailVerified,
-		Avatar:             getAvatarOrDefault(user),
-		CoverURL:           user.CoverURL,
-		Bio:                user.Bio,
-		Website:            user.Website,
-		Location:           user.Location,
-		PostsCount:         user.PostsCount,
-		FollowersCount:     user.FollowersCount,
-		FollowingCount:     user.FollowingCount,
-		IsFollowing:        isFollowing,
-		IsFollowingMe:      isFollowingMe,
-		CreatedAt:          FormatTime(user.CreatedAt),
-		Identity:           identity,
-		VerificationStatus: vs,
-	}
-}
-
-// ConvertUserToResponseWithMutualFollowAndPostsCount 将User转换为UserResponse（包含双向关注状态和实时计算的帖子数量，公开信息）
-func ConvertUserToResponseWithMutualFollowAndPostsCount(user *model.User, isFollowing, isFollowingMe bool, postsCount int) *UserResponse {
-	if user == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	identity, vs := publicVerificationFields(user)
-	return &UserResponse{
-		ID:                 user.ID,
-		Username:           user.Username,
-		Nickname:           user.Nickname,
-		EmailVerified:      user.EmailVerified,
-		Avatar:             getAvatarOrDefault(user),
-		CoverURL:           user.CoverURL,
-		Bio:                user.Bio,
-		Website:            user.Website,
-		Location:           user.Location,
-		PostsCount:         postsCount,
-		FollowersCount:     user.FollowersCount,
-		FollowingCount:     user.FollowingCount,
-		IsFollowing:        isFollowing,
-		IsFollowingMe:      isFollowingMe,
-		CreatedAt:          FormatTime(user.CreatedAt),
-		Identity:           identity,
-		VerificationStatus: vs,
-	}
-}
-
-// ConvertUserToDetailResponse 将User转换为UserDetailResponse（仅本人可见，包含敏感信息）
-func ConvertUserToDetailResponse(user *model.User) *UserDetailResponse {
-	if user == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return &UserDetailResponse{
-		ID:                 user.ID,
-		Username:           user.Username,
-		Nickname:           user.Nickname,
-		Email:              user.Email,
-		EmailVerified:      user.EmailVerified,
-		Avatar:             getAvatarOrDefault(user),
-		CoverURL:           user.CoverURL,
-		Bio:                user.Bio,
-		Website:            user.Website,
-		Location:           user.Location,
-		PostsCount:         user.PostsCount,
-		FollowersCount:     user.FollowersCount,
-		FollowingCount:     user.FollowingCount,
-		IsVerified:         user.IsVerified,
-		CreatedAt:          FormatTime(user.CreatedAt),
-		PrivacySettings:    convertPrivacySettingsToResponse(&user.PrivacySettings),
-		Identity:           user.Identity,
-		VerificationStatus: user.VerificationStatus,
-	}
-}
-
 // ConvertUserToDetailResponseWithPostsCount 将User转换为UserDetailResponse（使用实时计算的帖子数量，仅本人可见）
 func ConvertUserToDetailResponseWithPostsCount(user *model.User, postsCount int) *UserDetailResponse {
 	if user == nil {
@@ -248,31 +127,28 @@ func ConvertUserToDetailResponseWithPostsCount(user *model.User, postsCount int)
 	}
 }

+func convertPrivacySettingsToResponse(ps *model.PrivacySettings) *PrivacySettingsResponse {
+	if ps == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &PrivacySettingsResponse{
+		FollowersVisibility: string(ps.FollowersVisibility),
+		FollowingVisibility: string(ps.FollowingVisibility),
+		PostsVisibility:     string(ps.PostsVisibility),
+		FavoritesVisibility: string(ps.FavoritesVisibility),
+	}
+}
+
 // ConvertUsersToResponse 将User列表转换为响应列表
-func ConvertUsersToResponse(users []*model.User) []*UserResponse {
+func ConvertUsersToResponse(users []*model.User, opts ...UserResponseOption) []*UserResponse {
 	result := make([]*UserResponse, 0, len(users))
 	for _, user := range users {
-		result = append(result, ConvertUserToResponse(user))
+		result = append(result, ConvertUserToResponse(user, opts...))
 	}
 	return result
 }

-// ConvertUsersToResponseWithMutualFollow 将User列表转换为响应列表（包含双向关注状态）
-// followingStatusMap: key是用户ID，value是[isFollowing, isFollowingMe]
-func ConvertUsersToResponseWithMutualFollow(users []*model.User, followingStatusMap map[string][2]bool) []*UserResponse {
-	result := make([]*UserResponse, 0, len(users))
-	for _, user := range users {
-		status, ok := followingStatusMap[user.ID]
-		if ok {
-			result = append(result, ConvertUserToResponseWithMutualFollow(user, status[0], status[1]))
-		} else {
-			result = append(result, ConvertUserToResponse(user))
-		}
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-// ConvertUsersToResponseWithMutualFollowAndPostsCount 将User列表转换为响应列表（包含双向关注状态和实时计算的帖子数量）
+// ConvertUsersToResponseWithMutualFollowAndPostsCount 将User列表转换为响应列表（包含双向关注状态和帖子数量）
 // followingStatusMap: key是用户ID，value是[isFollowing, isFollowingMe]
 // postsCountMap: key是用户ID，value是帖子数量
 func ConvertUsersToResponseWithMutualFollowAndPostsCount(users []*model.User, followingStatusMap map[string][2]bool, postsCountMap map[string]int64) []*UserResponse {
@@ -280,17 +156,15 @@ func ConvertUsersToResponseWithMutualFollowAndPostsCount(users []*model.User, fo
 	for _, user := range users {
 		status, hasStatus := followingStatusMap[user.ID]
 		postsCount, hasPostsCount := postsCountMap[user.ID]
-
-		// 如果没有帖子数量，使用数据库中的值
 		if !hasPostsCount {
 			postsCount = int64(user.PostsCount)
 		}
-
+		var opts []UserResponseOption
 		if hasStatus {
-			result = append(result, ConvertUserToResponseWithMutualFollowAndPostsCount(user, status[0], status[1], int(postsCount)))
-		} else {
-			result = append(result, ConvertUserToResponseWithPostsCount(user, int(postsCount)))
+			opts = append(opts, WithFollowing(status[0], status[1]))
 		}
+		opts = append(opts, WithPostsCount(int(postsCount)))
+		result = append(result, ConvertUserToResponse(user, opts...))
 	}
 	return result
 }
--- a/internal/handler/message_handler.go
+++ b/internal/handler/message_handler.go
@@ -316,8 +316,7 @@ func (h *MessageHandler) SendMessage(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}

-	// 直接使用 segments
-	msg, err := h.chatService.SendMessage(c.Request.Context(), userID, conversationID, req.Segments, req.ReplyToID)
+	msg, err := h.chatService.SendMessage(c.Request.Context(), userID, conversationID, req.Segments, req.ReplyToID, req.ClientMsgID)
 	if err != nil {
 		response.BadRequest(c, err.Error())
 		return
@@ -359,7 +358,7 @@ func (h *MessageHandler) HandleSendMessage(c *gin.Context) {
 	}

 	// 发送消息
-	msg, err := h.chatService.SendMessage(c.Request.Context(), userID, conversationID, params.Segments, params.ReplyToID)
+	msg, err := h.chatService.SendMessage(c.Request.Context(), userID, conversationID, params.Segments, params.ReplyToID, params.ClientMsgID)
 	if err != nil {
 		response.BadRequest(c, err.Error())
 		return
--- a/internal/handler/post_handler.go
+++ b/internal/handler/post_handler.go
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ func (h *PostHandler) GetByID(c *gin.Context) {
 		if currentUserID != "" {
 			_, isFollowing, isFollowingMe, err := h.userService.GetUserByIDWithMutualFollowStatus(c.Request.Context(), post.UserID, currentUserID)
 			if err == nil {
-				authorWithFollowStatus = dto.ConvertUserToResponseWithMutualFollow(post.User, isFollowing, isFollowingMe)
+				authorWithFollowStatus = dto.ConvertUserToResponse(post.User, dto.WithFollowing(isFollowing, isFollowingMe))
 			} else {
 				authorWithFollowStatus = dto.ConvertUserToResponse(post.User)
 			}
--- a/internal/handler/user_handler.go
+++ b/internal/handler/user_handler.go
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ func (h *UserHandler) GetUserByID(c *gin.Context) {
 	}

 	// 转换为响应格式，包含双向关注状态和实时计算的帖子数量
-	userResponse := dto.ConvertUserToResponseWithMutualFollowAndPostsCount(user, isFollowing, isFollowingMe, int(postsCount))
+	userResponse := dto.ConvertUserToResponse(user, dto.WithFollowing(isFollowing, isFollowingMe), dto.WithPostsCount(int(postsCount)))

 	response.Success(c, userResponse)
 }
--- a/internal/handler/ws_handler.go
+++ b/internal/handler/ws_handler.go
@@ -147,7 +147,17 @@ func (h *WSHandler) HandleWebSocket(c *gin.Context) {
 	}

 	// 4. 注册客户端
-	replayEvents := h.wsHub.Register(client)
+	replayEvents, regErr := h.wsHub.Register(client)
+	if regErr != nil {
+		zap.L().Warn("WebSocket registration rejected",
+			zap.String("user_id", userID),
+			zap.Error(regErr),
+		)
+		conn.WriteMessage(websocket.CloseMessage,
+			[]byte(`{"type":"error","payload":{"code":"connection_limit","message":"too many connections"}}`))
+		conn.Close()
+		return
+	}
 	defer h.wsHub.Unregister(client)

 	zap.L().Info("WebSocket client connected",
@@ -264,6 +274,11 @@ func (h *WSHandler) writePump(conn *websocket.Conn, client *ws.Client) {

 			w, err := conn.NextWriter(websocket.TextMessage)
 			if err != nil {
+				zap.L().Warn("WebSocket write error (NextWriter)",
+					zap.String("user_id", client.UserID),
+					zap.Uint64("client_id", client.ID),
+					zap.Error(err),
+				)
 				return
 			}
 			w.Write(message)
@@ -276,6 +291,11 @@ func (h *WSHandler) writePump(conn *websocket.Conn, client *ws.Client) {
 			}

 			if err := w.Close(); err != nil {
+				zap.L().Warn("WebSocket write error (Close)",
+					zap.String("user_id", client.UserID),
+					zap.Uint64("client_id", client.ID),
+					zap.Error(err),
+				)
 				return
 			}
 		case <-ticker.C:
@@ -349,6 +369,7 @@ func (h *WSHandler) handleChat(ctx context.Context, client *ws.Client, payload j
 		DetailType     string                `json:"detail_type"`
 		Segments       model.MessageSegments `json:"segments"`
 		ReplyToID      *string               `json:"reply_to_id,omitempty"`
+		ClientMsgID    string                `json:"client_msg_id,omitempty"`
 	}

 	if err := json.Unmarshal(payload, &req); err != nil {
@@ -367,7 +388,7 @@ func (h *WSHandler) handleChat(ctx context.Context, client *ws.Client, payload j
 	}

 	// 发送消息
-	message, err := h.chatService.SendMessage(ctx, client.UserID, req.ConversationID, req.Segments, req.ReplyToID)
+	message, err := h.chatService.SendMessage(ctx, client.UserID, req.ConversationID, req.Segments, req.ReplyToID, req.ClientMsgID)
 	if err != nil {
 		h.wsHub.SendError(client, "send_failed", err.Error())
 		return
--- a/internal/model/audit_log.go
+++ b/internal/model/audit_log.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -81,9 +80,7 @@ type AuditLog struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (al *AuditLog) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if al.ID == "" {
-		al.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&al.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/call.go
+++ b/internal/model/call.go
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
 package model

 import (
-	"strconv"
 	"time"

 	"gorm.io/gorm"
-
-	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
 )

 // CallType 通话类型
@@ -60,14 +57,7 @@ type CallSession struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成雪花算法ID
 func (c *CallSession) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if c.ID == "" {
-		id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		c.ID = strconv.FormatInt(id, 10)
-	}
-	return nil
+	return SetSnowflakeStringID(&c.ID)
 }

 func (CallSession) TableName() string {
--- a/internal/model/channel.go
+++ b/internal/model/channel.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -20,9 +19,7 @@ type Channel struct {
 }

 func (c *Channel) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if c.ID == "" {
-		c.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&c.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/comment.go
+++ b/internal/model/comment.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -53,9 +52,7 @@ type Comment struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (c *Comment) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if c.ID == "" {
-		c.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&c.ID)
 	return nil
 }

@@ -73,9 +70,7 @@ type CommentLike struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (cl *CommentLike) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if cl.ID == "" {
-		cl.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&cl.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/conversation.go
+++ b/internal/model/conversation.go
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
 package model

 import (
-	"strconv"
 	"time"

 	"gorm.io/gorm"
-
-	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
 )

 // ConversationType 会话类型
@@ -36,14 +33,7 @@ type Conversation struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成雪花算法ID
 func (c *Conversation) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if c.ID == "" {
-		id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		c.ID = strconv.FormatInt(id, 10)
-	}
-	return nil
+	return SetSnowflakeStringID(&c.ID)
 }

 func (Conversation) TableName() string {
--- a/internal/model/device_token.go
+++ b/internal/model/device_token.go
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"gorm.io/gorm"
-
-	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
 )

 // DeviceType 设备类型
@@ -41,14 +39,7 @@ type DeviceToken struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成雪花算法ID
 func (d *DeviceToken) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if d.ID == 0 {
-		id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		d.ID = id
-	}
-	return nil
+	return SetSnowflakeInt64ID(&d.ID)
 }

 func (DeviceToken) TableName() string {
--- a/internal/model/favorite.go
+++ b/internal/model/favorite.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -17,9 +16,7 @@ type Favorite struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (f *Favorite) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if f.ID == "" {
-		f.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&f.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/follow.go
+++ b/internal/model/follow.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -17,9 +16,7 @@ type Follow struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (f *Follow) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if f.ID == "" {
-		f.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&f.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/group.go
+++ b/internal/model/group.go
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"time"

-	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
-
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -35,14 +33,7 @@ type Group struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成雪花算法ID
 func (g *Group) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if g.ID == "" {
-		id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		g.ID = strconv.FormatInt(id, 10)
-	}
-	return nil
+	return SetSnowflakeStringID(&g.ID)
 }

 // GetIDInt 获取数字类型的ID（用于比较）
--- a/internal/model/group_announcement.go
+++ b/internal/model/group_announcement.go
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 package model

 import (
-	"strconv"
 	"time"

-	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
-
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -22,14 +19,7 @@ type GroupAnnouncement struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成雪花算法ID
 func (ga *GroupAnnouncement) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if ga.ID == "" {
-		id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		ga.ID = strconv.FormatInt(id, 10)
-	}
-	return nil
+	return SetSnowflakeStringID(&ga.ID)
 }

 // TableName 指定表名
--- a/internal/model/group_join_request.go
+++ b/internal/model/group_join_request.go
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 package model

 import (
-	"strconv"
 	"time"

-	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
-
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -44,14 +41,7 @@ type GroupJoinRequest struct {
 }

 func (r *GroupJoinRequest) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if r.ID == "" {
-		id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		r.ID = strconv.FormatInt(id, 10)
-	}
-	return nil
+	return SetSnowflakeStringID(&r.ID)
 }

 func (GroupJoinRequest) TableName() string {
--- a/internal/model/group_member.go
+++ b/internal/model/group_member.go
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 package model

 import (
-	"strconv"
 	"time"

-	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
-
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -24,14 +21,7 @@ type GroupMember struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成雪花算法ID
 func (gm *GroupMember) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if gm.ID == "" {
-		id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		gm.ID = strconv.FormatInt(id, 10)
-	}
-	return nil
+	return SetSnowflakeStringID(&gm.ID)
 }

 // TableName 指定表名
--- a/internal/model/id_helper.go
+++ b/internal/model/id_helper.go
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+package model
+
+import (
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+
+	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
+)
+
+func SetUUIDIfEmpty(id *string) {
+	if *id == "" {
+		*id = uuid.New().String()
+	}
+}
+
+func SetSnowflakeStringID(id *string) error {
+	if *id == "" {
+		sid, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		*id = strconv.FormatInt(sid, 10)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func SetSnowflakeInt64ID(id *int64) error {
+	if *id == 0 {
+		sid, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		*id = sid
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func GenerateUUID() string {
+	return uuid.New().String()
+}
+
+func GenerateSnowflakeString() (string, error) {
+	id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return strconv.FormatInt(id, 10), nil
+}
+
+func GenerateSnowflakeInt64() (int64, error) {
+	return utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
+}
+
+func nop(_ *gorm.DB) error { return nil }
--- a/internal/model/json_helper.go
+++ b/internal/model/json_helper.go
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package model
+
+import (
+	"database/sql/driver"
+	"encoding/json"
+)
+
+// ScanJSON scans a database value (nil, []byte, or string) into any JSON-unmarshalable pointer.
+func ScanJSON[T any](ptr *T, value any) error {
+	if value == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var data []byte
+	switch v := value.(type) {
+	case []byte:
+		data = v
+	case string:
+		data = []byte(v)
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
+	return json.Unmarshal(data, ptr)
+}
+
+// ValueJSON marshals any value to JSON for database storage.
+func ValueJSON[T any](val T) (driver.Value, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(val)
+}
--- a/internal/model/like.go
+++ b/internal/model/like.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -17,9 +16,7 @@ type PostLike struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (pl *PostLike) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if pl.ID == "" {
-		pl.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&pl.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/material.go
+++ b/internal/model/material.go
@@ -2,10 +2,8 @@ package model

 import (
 	"database/sql/driver"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -44,9 +42,7 @@ type MaterialSubject struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (s *MaterialSubject) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if s.ID == "" {
-		s.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&s.ID)
 	return nil
 }

@@ -62,7 +58,7 @@ func (a StringArray) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
 	if a == nil {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
-	return json.Marshal(a)
+	return ValueJSON(a)
 }

 // Scan 实现 sql.Scanner 接口
@@ -71,16 +67,7 @@ func (a *StringArray) Scan(value any) error {
 		*a = nil
 		return nil
 	}
-	var data []byte
-	switch v := value.(type) {
-	case []byte:
-		data = v
-	case string:
-		data = []byte(v)
-	default:
-		return nil
-	}
-	return json.Unmarshal(data, a)
+	return ScanJSON(a, value)
 }

 // MaterialFile 文件资料
@@ -107,9 +94,7 @@ type MaterialFile struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (f *MaterialFile) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if f.ID == "" {
-		f.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&f.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/message.go
+++ b/internal/model/message.go
@@ -3,15 +3,12 @@
 import (
 	"database/sql/driver"
 	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
-	"strconv"
 	"sync"
 	"time"

 	"gorm.io/gorm"

 	"with_you/internal/pkg/crypto"
-	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
 )

 // 系统消息相关常量
@@ -93,24 +90,12 @@ type ExtraData struct {

 // Value 实现driver.Valuer接口，用于数据库存储
 func (e ExtraData) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
-	return json.Marshal(e)
+	return ValueJSON(e)
 }

 // Scan 实现sql.Scanner接口，用于数据库读取
 func (e *ExtraData) Scan(value any) error {
-	if value == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	var data []byte
-	switch v := value.(type) {
-	case []byte:
-		data = v
-	case string:
-		data = []byte(v)
-	default:
-		return errors.New("type assertion to []byte or string failed")
-	}
-	return json.Unmarshal(data, e)
+	return ScanJSON(e, value)
 }

 // MessageSegmentData 单个消息段的数据
@@ -127,7 +112,7 @@ type MessageSegments []MessageSegment

 // Value 实现driver.Valuer接口，用于数据库存储
 func (s MessageSegments) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
-	return json.Marshal(s)
+	return ValueJSON(s)
 }

 // Scan 实现sql.Scanner接口，用于数据库读取
@@ -136,16 +121,7 @@ func (s *MessageSegments) Scan(value any) error {
 		*s = nil
 		return nil
 	}
-	var data []byte
-	switch v := value.(type) {
-	case []byte:
-		data = v
-	case string:
-		data = []byte(v)
-	default:
-		return errors.New("type assertion to []byte or string failed")
-	}
-	return json.Unmarshal(data, s)
+	return ScanJSON(s, value)
 }

 // Message 消息实体
@@ -188,12 +164,8 @@ func (m *Message) SenderIDStr() string {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成雪花算法ID并加密消息内容
 func (m *Message) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if m.ID == "" {
-		id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		m.ID = strconv.FormatInt(id, 10)
+	if err := SetSnowflakeStringID(&m.ID); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}

 	// 加密消息内容
--- a/internal/model/message_read.go
+++ b/internal/model/message_read.go
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-package model
-
-import (
-	"time"
-)
-
-// MessageRead 消息已读状态
-// 记录每个用户在每个会话中的已读位置
-type MessageRead struct {
-	ID             uint      `gorm:"primaryKey" json:"id"`
-	ConversationID int64     `gorm:"uniqueIndex:idx_conversation_user;not null" json:"conversation_id"`
-	UserID         uint      `gorm:"uniqueIndex:idx_conversation_user;not null" json:"user_id"`
-	LastReadSeq    int64     `gorm:"not null" json:"last_read_seq"` // 已读到的seq位置
-	UpdatedAt      time.Time `json:"updated_at" gorm:"autoUpdateTime"`
-}
-
-func (MessageRead) TableName() string {
-	return "message_reads"
-}
--- a/internal/model/notification.go
+++ b/internal/model/notification.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -42,9 +41,7 @@ type Notification struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (n *Notification) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if n.ID == "" {
-		n.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&n.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/operation_log.go
+++ b/internal/model/operation_log.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -72,9 +71,7 @@ type OperationLog struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成TraceID
 func (ol *OperationLog) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if ol.TraceID == "" {
-		ol.TraceID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&ol.TraceID)
 	if ol.OccurredAt.IsZero() {
 		ol.OccurredAt = time.Now()
 	}
--- a/internal/model/post.go
+++ b/internal/model/post.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -66,9 +65,7 @@ type Post struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (p *Post) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if p.ID == "" {
-		p.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&p.ID)
 	return nil
 }

@@ -94,9 +91,7 @@ type PostImage struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (pi *PostImage) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if pi.ID == "" {
-		pi.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&pi.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/post_reference.go
+++ b/internal/model/post_reference.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -29,9 +28,7 @@ type PostReference struct {
 }

 func (pr *PostReference) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if pr.ID == "" {
-		pr.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&pr.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/push_record.go
+++ b/internal/model/push_record.go
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"gorm.io/gorm"
-
-	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
 )

 // PushChannel 推送通道类型
@@ -66,14 +64,7 @@ type PushRecord struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成雪花算法ID
 func (r *PushRecord) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if r.ID == 0 {
-		id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		r.ID = id
-	}
-	return nil
+	return SetSnowflakeInt64ID(&r.ID)
 }

 func (PushRecord) TableName() string {
--- a/internal/model/report.go
+++ b/internal/model/report.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -60,9 +59,7 @@ type Report struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (r *Report) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if r.ID == "" {
-		r.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&r.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/schedule_course.go
+++ b/internal/model/schedule_course.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -24,9 +23,7 @@ type ScheduleCourse struct {
 }

 func (s *ScheduleCourse) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if s.ID == "" {
-		s.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&s.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/sensitive_word.go
+++ b/internal/model/sensitive_word.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -46,9 +45,7 @@ type SensitiveWord struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (sw *SensitiveWord) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if sw.ID == "" {
-		sw.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&sw.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/sticker.go
+++ b/internal/model/sticker.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -26,8 +25,6 @@ func (UserSticker) TableName() string {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (s *UserSticker) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if s.ID == "" {
-		s.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&s.ID)
 	return nil
 }
--- a/internal/model/system_notification.go
+++ b/internal/model/system_notification.go
@@ -2,13 +2,9 @@

 import (
 	"database/sql/driver"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
 	"time"

 	"gorm.io/gorm"
-
-	"with_you/internal/pkg/utils"
 )

 // SystemNotificationType 系统通知类型
@@ -71,24 +67,12 @@ type SystemNotificationExtra struct {

 // Value 实现driver.Valuer接口
 func (e SystemNotificationExtra) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
-	return json.Marshal(e)
+	return ValueJSON(e)
 }

 // Scan 实现sql.Scanner接口
 func (e *SystemNotificationExtra) Scan(value any) error {
-	if value == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	var data []byte
-	switch v := value.(type) {
-	case []byte:
-		data = v
-	case string:
-		data = []byte(v)
-	default:
-		return errors.New("type assertion to []byte or string failed")
-	}
-	return json.Unmarshal(data, e)
+	return ScanJSON(e, value)
 }

 // SystemNotification 系统通知（独立表，与消息完全分离）
@@ -113,14 +97,7 @@ type SystemNotification struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成雪花算法ID
 func (n *SystemNotification) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if n.ID == 0 {
-		id, err := utils.GetSnowflake().GenerateID()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		n.ID = id
-	}
-	return nil
+	return SetSnowflakeInt64ID(&n.ID)
 }

 // TableName 指定表名
--- a/internal/model/trade.go
+++ b/internal/model/trade.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -57,9 +56,7 @@ type TradeItem struct {
 }

 func (t *TradeItem) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if t.ID == "" {
-		t.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&t.ID)
 	return nil
 }

@@ -81,9 +78,7 @@ type TradeImage struct {
 }

 func (ti *TradeImage) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if ti.ID == "" {
-		ti.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&ti.ID)
 	return nil
 }

@@ -99,9 +94,7 @@ type TradeFavorite struct {
 }

 func (f *TradeFavorite) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if f.ID == "" {
-		f.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&f.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/user.go
+++ b/internal/model/user.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -106,9 +105,7 @@ type User struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (u *User) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if u.ID == "" {
-		u.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&u.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/user_block.go
+++ b/internal/model/user_block.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -16,9 +15,7 @@ type UserBlock struct {
 }

 func (b *UserBlock) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if b.ID == "" {
-		b.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&b.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/user_profile_audit.go
+++ b/internal/model/user_profile_audit.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -40,9 +39,7 @@ type UserProfileAudit struct {
 }

 func (a *UserProfileAudit) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if a.ID == "" {
-		a.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&a.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/verification.go
+++ b/internal/model/verification.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -29,9 +28,7 @@ type VerificationRecord struct {
 }

 func (v *VerificationRecord) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if v.ID == "" {
-		v.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&v.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/model/vote.go
+++ b/internal/model/vote.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package model
 import (
 	"time"

-	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )

@@ -20,9 +19,7 @@ type VoteOption struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (vo *VoteOption) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if vo.ID == "" {
-		vo.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&vo.ID)
 	return nil
 }

@@ -41,9 +38,7 @@ type UserVote struct {

 // BeforeCreate 创建前生成UUID
 func (uv *UserVote) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-	if uv.ID == "" {
-		uv.ID = uuid.New().String()
-	}
+	SetUUIDIfEmpty(&uv.ID)
 	return nil
 }

--- a/internal/pkg/circuitbreaker/circuitbreaker.go
+++ b/internal/pkg/circuitbreaker/circuitbreaker.go
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+package circuitbreaker
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+)
+
+type State int
+
+const (
+	StateClosed   State = iota
+	StateOpen
+	StateHalfOpen
+)
+
+type Config struct {
+	FailureThreshold int           // 连续失败次数阈值，超过则开启熔断
+	SuccessThreshold int           // 半开状态下连续成功次数，恢复到关闭
+	Timeout          time.Duration // 熔断开启后等待多久进入半开
+	Name             string       // 熔断器名称，用于日志
+}
+
+func DefaultConfig(name string) Config {
+	return Config{
+		FailureThreshold: 5,
+		SuccessThreshold: 3,
+		Timeout:          30 * time.Second,
+		Name:             name,
+	}
+}
+
+type Breaker struct {
+	cfg    Config
+	mu     sync.Mutex
+	state  State
+	fails  int
+	wins   int
+	openAt time.Time
+}
+
+func New(cfg Config) *Breaker {
+	return &Breaker{cfg: cfg}
+}
+
+func (b *Breaker) Allow() bool {
+	b.mu.Lock()
+	defer b.mu.Unlock()
+
+	switch b.state {
+	case StateClosed:
+		return true
+	case StateOpen:
+		if time.Since(b.openAt) > b.cfg.Timeout {
+			b.state = StateHalfOpen
+			b.wins = 0
+			return true
+		}
+		return false
+	case StateHalfOpen:
+		return true
+	default:
+		return true
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *Breaker) RecordSuccess() {
+	b.mu.Lock()
+	defer b.mu.Unlock()
+
+	b.fails = 0
+	if b.state == StateHalfOpen {
+		b.wins++
+		if b.wins >= b.cfg.SuccessThreshold {
+			b.state = StateClosed
+			b.wins = 0
+			zap.L().Info("circuit breaker closed",
+				zap.String("breaker", b.cfg.Name),
+			)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *Breaker) RecordFailure() {
+	b.mu.Lock()
+	defer b.mu.Unlock()
+
+	b.fails++
+	if b.state == StateHalfOpen {
+		b.state = StateOpen
+		b.openAt = time.Now()
+		b.wins = 0
+		zap.L().Warn("circuit breaker re-opened from half-open",
+			zap.String("breaker", b.cfg.Name),
+		)
+		return
+	}
+	if b.fails >= b.cfg.FailureThreshold {
+		b.state = StateOpen
+		b.openAt = time.Now()
+		zap.L().Warn("circuit breaker opened",
+			zap.String("breaker", b.cfg.Name),
+			zap.Int("consecutive_failures", b.fails),
+		)
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *Breaker) State() State {
+	b.mu.Lock()
+	defer b.mu.Unlock()
+	return b.state
+}
+
+func (b *Breaker) Execute(fn func() error) error {
+	if !b.Allow() {
+		zap.L().Debug("circuit breaker rejected request",
+			zap.String("breaker", b.cfg.Name),
+		)
+		return &OpenError{Name: b.cfg.Name}
+	}
+	if err := fn(); err != nil {
+		b.RecordFailure()
+		return err
+	}
+	b.RecordSuccess()
+	return nil
+}
+
+type OpenError struct {
+	Name string
+}
+
+func (e *OpenError) Error() string {
+	return "circuit breaker '" + e.Name + "' is open"
+}
--- a/internal/pkg/jpush/client.go
+++ b/internal/pkg/jpush/client.go
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"time"

+	"with_you/internal/pkg/circuitbreaker"
+
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 )

@@ -29,6 +31,7 @@ type Client struct {
 	httpClient    *http.Client
 	logger        *zap.Logger
 	lastRateLimit *RateLimitInfo
+	breaker       *circuitbreaker.Breaker
 }

 func NewClient(appKey, masterSecret string, production bool, logger *zap.Logger) *Client {
@@ -48,6 +51,12 @@ func NewClient(appKey, masterSecret string, production bool, logger *zap.Logger)
 		production:   production,
 		httpClient:   &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second, Transport: transport},
 		logger:       logger,
+		breaker: circuitbreaker.New(circuitbreaker.Config{
+			FailureThreshold: 5,
+			SuccessThreshold: 3,
+			Timeout:          30 * time.Second,
+			Name:             "jpush",
+		}),
 	}
 }

@@ -259,7 +268,15 @@ func (c *Client) PushByRegistrationIDs(registrationIDs []string, notification *N
 		},
 	}

-	result, _, err := c.Push(payload)
+	var result *PushResponse
+	err := c.breaker.Execute(func() error {
+		resp, _, pushErr := c.Push(payload)
+		if pushErr != nil {
+			return pushErr
+		}
+		result = resp
+		return nil
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.logger.Error("jpush push by registration_ids failed",
 			zap.Int("count", len(registrationIDs)),
--- a/internal/pkg/response/response.go
+++ b/internal/pkg/response/response.go
@@ -15,13 +15,6 @@ type Response struct {
 	Data    any    `json:"data,omitempty"`
 }

-// ResponseSnakeCase 统一响应结构(snake_case)
-type ResponseSnakeCase struct {
-	Code    int    `json:"code"`
-	Message string `json:"message"`
-	Data    any    `json:"data,omitempty"`
-}
-
 // Success 成功响应
 func Success(c *gin.Context, data any) {
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, Response{
--- a/internal/pkg/ws/hub.go
+++ b/internal/pkg/ws/hub.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package ws

 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
@@ -10,8 +11,12 @@ import (
 )

 const (
-	defaultUserBufferSize = 128
-	maxReplayEvents       = 200
+	defaultUserBufferSize    = 128
+	maxReplayEvents          = 200
+	groupPushConcurrency     = 64
+	groupPushQueueSize       = 512
+	maxTotalConnections      = 100000
+	maxConnectionsPerUser    = 10
 )

 // Event 表示一个WebSocket事件
@@ -31,6 +36,9 @@ type Client struct {
 	Quit   chan struct{}
 }

+// ErrConnectionLimit 连接数限制错误
+var ErrConnectionLimit = errors.New("connection limit reached")
+
 // Message 表示WebSocket消息
 type Message struct {
 	Type    string          `json:"type"`
@@ -73,14 +81,15 @@ type ConnectHandler func(userID string, isFirstConnection bool)

 // Hub WebSocket连接管理器
 type Hub struct {
-	seq uint64
+	seq       uint64
+	connCount atomic.Int64

 	mu                 sync.RWMutex
-	clients            map[string]map[uint64]*Client     // userID -> clientID -> Client
-	history            map[string][]Event                // userID -> []Event (用于断线重连历史回放)
-	subscribers        map[string]map[uint64]*subscriber // userID -> subscriberID -> subscriber
-	disconnectHandlers []DisconnectHandler               // 断开连接事件处理器列表
-	connectHandlers    []ConnectHandler                  // 连接事件处理器列表
+	clients            map[string]map[uint64]*Client
+	history            map[string][]Event
+	subscribers        map[string]map[uint64]*subscriber
+	disconnectHandlers []DisconnectHandler
+	connectHandlers    []ConnectHandler
 }

 // NewHub 创建WebSocket Hub
@@ -99,11 +108,19 @@ func (h *Hub) NextID() uint64 {
 	return atomic.AddUint64(&h.seq, 1)
 }

-// Register 注册客户端连接
-func (h *Hub) Register(client *Client) []Event {
+// Register 注册客户端连接，返回回放事件和可能的错误（连接数超限）
+func (h *Hub) Register(client *Client) ([]Event, error) {
+	if h.connCount.Load() >= int64(maxTotalConnections) {
+		return nil, ErrConnectionLimit
+	}
+
 	h.mu.Lock()

-	// 检查是否是该用户的第一个连接（之前完全离线）
+	if len(h.clients[client.UserID]) >= maxConnectionsPerUser {
+		h.mu.Unlock()
+		return nil, ErrConnectionLimit
+	}
+
 	_, existed := h.clients[client.UserID]
 	isFirstConnection := !existed

@@ -111,8 +128,8 @@ func (h *Hub) Register(client *Client) []Event {
 		h.clients[client.UserID] = make(map[uint64]*Client)
 	}
 	h.clients[client.UserID][client.ID] = client
+	h.connCount.Add(1)

-	// 获取历史事件用于回放
 	replay := make([]Event, 0)
 	for _, e := range h.history[client.UserID] {
 		replay = append(replay, e)
@@ -122,15 +139,14 @@ func (h *Hub) Register(client *Client) []Event {
 		zap.String("user_id", client.UserID),
 		zap.Uint64("client_id", client.ID),
 		zap.Int("total_clients", len(h.clients[client.UserID])),
+		zap.Int64("total_connections", h.connCount.Load()),
 		zap.Bool("is_first_connection", isFirstConnection),
 	)

-	// 复制处理器列表避免锁竞争
 	handlers := make([]ConnectHandler, len(h.connectHandlers))
 	copy(handlers, h.connectHandlers)
 	h.mu.Unlock()

-	// 异步调用连接处理器，避免阻塞 Register
 	if len(handlers) > 0 {
 		go func() {
 			for _, handler := range handlers {
@@ -139,7 +155,7 @@ func (h *Hub) Register(client *Client) []Event {
 		}()
 	}

-	return replay
+	return replay, nil
 }

 // Unregister 注销客户端连接
@@ -151,6 +167,7 @@ func (h *Hub) Unregister(client *Client) {
 		if _, exists := userClients[client.ID]; exists {
 			delete(userClients, client.ID)
 			close(client.Quit)
+			h.connCount.Add(-1)
 			remainingCount = len(userClients)

 			if remainingCount == 0 {
@@ -187,6 +204,20 @@ func (h *Hub) HasClients(userID string) bool {
 	return len(h.clients[userID]) > 0
 }

+// FilterOnline 批量检查用户在线状态，一次加锁返回在线/离线列表
+func (h *Hub) FilterOnline(userIDs []string) (online []string, offline []string) {
+	h.mu.RLock()
+	defer h.mu.RUnlock()
+	for _, uid := range userIDs {
+		if len(h.clients[uid]) > 0 {
+			online = append(online, uid)
+		} else {
+			offline = append(offline, uid)
+		}
+	}
+	return
+}
+
 // OnDisconnect 注册断开连接事件处理器
 // 当用户断开 WebSocket 连接时，会调用所有注册的处理器
 // 处理器会收到用户ID和该用户剩余的连接数
@@ -224,10 +255,65 @@ func (h *Hub) PublishToUser(userID string, eventType string, payload any) Event
 	return ev
 }

-// PublishToUsers 向多个用户发送事件
+// PublishToUsers 向多个用户发送事件（共享一次序列化）
 func (h *Hub) PublishToUsers(userIDs []string, eventType string, payload any) {
+	if len(userIDs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	ev := Event{
+		ID:      h.NextID(),
+		Type:    eventType,
+		TS:      time.Now().UnixMilli(),
+		Payload: payload,
+	}
+
+	msg := ResponseMessage{
+		EventID: ev.ID,
+		Type:    eventType,
+		TS:      ev.TS,
+		Payload: payload,
+	}
+	data, err := json.Marshal(msg)
+	if err != nil {
+		zap.L().Error("Failed to marshal WebSocket message",
+			zap.String("event_type", eventType),
+			zap.Error(err),
+		)
+		return
+	}
+
 	for _, uid := range userIDs {
-		h.PublishToUser(uid, eventType, payload)
+		h.publishPreMarshaled(uid, ev, data)
+	}
+}
+
+// publishPreMarshaled 使用预序列化的数据发送事件
+func (h *Hub) publishPreMarshaled(userID string, ev Event, data []byte) {
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	history := append(h.history[userID], ev)
+	if len(history) > maxReplayEvents {
+		history = history[len(history)-maxReplayEvents:]
+	}
+	h.history[userID] = history
+
+	targets := make([]*Client, 0, len(h.clients[userID]))
+	for _, c := range h.clients[userID] {
+		targets = append(targets, c)
+	}
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	for _, c := range targets {
+		select {
+		case <-c.Quit:
+		case c.Send <- data:
+		default:
+			zap.L().Warn("WebSocket client buffer full, closing slow client",
+				zap.String("user_id", userID),
+				zap.Uint64("client_id", c.ID),
+			)
+			close(c.Quit)
+		}
 	}
 }

@@ -338,19 +424,16 @@ func (h *Hub) publish(userID string, ev Event) {
 		return
 	}

-	// 非阻塞发送，慢消费者丢弃消息
 	for _, c := range targets {
 		select {
 		case <-c.Quit:
-			// 客户端已断开
 		case c.Send <- data:
-			// 消息已发送
 		default:
-			// 发送缓冲区满，丢弃消息
-			zap.L().Warn("WebSocket client buffer full, dropping message",
+			zap.L().Warn("WebSocket client buffer full, closing slow client",
 				zap.String("user_id", userID),
 				zap.Uint64("client_id", c.ID),
 			)
+			close(c.Quit)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -387,6 +470,81 @@ func (h *Hub) Broadcast(eventType string, payload any) {
 	h.PublishToUsers(userIDs, eventType, payload)
 }

+// PublishToUsersConcurrent 并发推送消息给多个用户（适用于群聊等大列表场景）
+// 使用有界并发控制，避免 goroutine 爆炸
+func (h *Hub) PublishToUsersConcurrent(userIDs []string, eventType string, payload any) {
+	if len(userIDs) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	ev := Event{
+		ID:      h.NextID(),
+		Type:    eventType,
+		TS:      time.Now().UnixMilli(),
+		Payload: payload,
+	}
+
+	msg := ResponseMessage{
+		EventID: ev.ID,
+		Type:    eventType,
+		TS:      ev.TS,
+		Payload: payload,
+	}
+	data, err := json.Marshal(msg)
+	if err != nil {
+		zap.L().Error("Failed to marshal WebSocket message for batch push",
+			zap.String("event_type", eventType),
+			zap.Error(err),
+		)
+		return
+	}
+
+	sem := make(chan struct{}, groupPushConcurrency)
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(len(userIDs))
+
+	for _, uid := range userIDs {
+		sem <- struct{}{}
+		go func(userID string) {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			defer func() { <-sem }()
+
+			h.mu.RLock()
+			targets := make([]*Client, 0, len(h.clients[userID]))
+			for _, c := range h.clients[userID] {
+				targets = append(targets, c)
+			}
+			h.mu.RUnlock()
+
+			for _, c := range targets {
+				select {
+				case <-c.Quit:
+				case c.Send <- data:
+				default:
+					zap.L().Warn("WebSocket client buffer full, closing slow client",
+						zap.String("user_id", userID),
+						zap.Uint64("client_id", c.ID),
+					)
+					close(c.Quit)
+				}
+			}
+		}(uid)
+	}
+
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	// Store history for each user for reconnection replay
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	for _, uid := range userIDs {
+		history := append(h.history[uid], ev)
+		if len(history) > maxReplayEvents {
+			history = history[len(history)-maxReplayEvents:]
+		}
+		h.history[uid] = history
+	}
+	h.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
 // GetOnlineUsers 获取在线用户列表
 func (h *Hub) GetOnlineUsers() []string {
 	h.mu.RLock()
@@ -406,6 +564,29 @@ func (h *Hub) GetOnlineCount() int {
 	return len(h.clients)
 }

+// GetConnectionCount 获取总连接数
+func (h *Hub) GetConnectionCount() int64 {
+	return h.connCount.Load()
+}
+
+// CloseAllConnections 关闭所有WebSocket连接（用于优雅关闭）
+func (h *Hub) CloseAllConnections() {
+	h.mu.Lock()
+	defer h.mu.Unlock()
+
+	for _, userClients := range h.clients {
+		for _, c := range userClients {
+			select {
+			case <-c.Quit:
+			default:
+				close(c.Quit)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	h.clients = make(map[string]map[uint64]*Client)
+	h.connCount.Store(0)
+}
+
 // Subscribe 订阅事件
 func (h *Hub) Subscribe(userID string, afterID uint64) (chan Event, func(), []Event) {
 	subID := h.NextID()
--- a/internal/repository/group_join_request_repo.go
+++ b/internal/repository/group_join_request_repo.go
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package repository

 import (
+	"errors"
+
 	"with_you/internal/model"

 	"gorm.io/gorm"
@@ -11,6 +13,7 @@ type GroupJoinRequestRepository interface {
 	GetByFlag(flag string) (*model.GroupJoinRequest, error)
 	Update(req *model.GroupJoinRequest) error
 	GetPendingByGroupAndTarget(groupID, targetUserID string, reqType model.GroupJoinRequestType) (*model.GroupJoinRequest, error)
+	GetPendingByGroupAndTargets(groupID string, targetUserIDs []string, reqType model.GroupJoinRequestType) (map[string]bool, error)
 }

 type groupJoinRequestRepository struct {
@@ -48,3 +51,25 @@ func (r *groupJoinRequestRepository) GetPendingByGroupAndTarget(groupID, targetU
 	}
 	return &req, nil
 }
+
+func (r *groupJoinRequestRepository) GetPendingByGroupAndTargets(groupID string, targetUserIDs []string, reqType model.GroupJoinRequestType) (map[string]bool, error) {
+	result := make(map[string]bool)
+	if len(targetUserIDs) == 0 {
+		return result, nil
+	}
+	var existingIDs []string
+	err := r.db.Model(&model.GroupJoinRequest{}).
+		Where("group_id = ? AND target_user_id IN ? AND request_type = ? AND status = ?",
+			groupID, targetUserIDs, reqType, model.GroupJoinRequestStatusPending).
+		Pluck("target_user_id", &existingIDs).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
+			return result, nil
+		}
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	for _, id := range existingIDs {
+		result[id] = true
+	}
+	return result, nil
+}
--- a/internal/repository/group_repo.go
+++ b/internal/repository/group_repo.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ type GroupRepository interface {

 	// 群成员操作
 	AddMember(member *model.GroupMember) error
+	BatchAddMembers(groupID string, members []*model.GroupMember) error
 	GetMember(groupID string, userID string) (*model.GroupMember, error)
 	GetMembers(groupID string, page, pageSize int) ([]model.GroupMember, int64, error)
 	UpdateMember(member *model.GroupMember) error
@@ -53,6 +54,9 @@ type GroupRepository interface {
 	GetUserGroupsByCursor(ctx context.Context, userID string, req *cursor.PageRequest) (*cursor.CursorPageResult[*model.Group], error)
 	GetMembersByCursor(ctx context.Context, groupID string, req *cursor.PageRequest) (*cursor.CursorPageResult[*model.GroupMember], error)
 	GetAnnouncementsByCursor(ctx context.Context, groupID string, req *cursor.PageRequest) (*cursor.CursorPageResult[*model.GroupAnnouncement], error)
+
+	// 批量操作
+	GetExistingMembers(groupID string, userIDs []string) (map[string]bool, error)
 }

 // GroupMemberWithUser 群成员带用户信息的结构
@@ -155,12 +159,24 @@ func (r *groupRepository) AddMember(member *model.GroupMember) error {
 		if err := tx.Create(member).Error; err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		// 更新群组成员数量
 		return tx.Model(&model.Group{}).Where("id = ?", member.GroupID).
 			Update("member_count", gorm.Expr("member_count + ?", 1)).Error
 	})
 }

+func (r *groupRepository) BatchAddMembers(groupID string, members []*model.GroupMember) error {
+	if len(members) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return r.db.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		if err := tx.CreateInBatches(members, 100).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return tx.Model(&model.Group{}).Where("id = ?", groupID).
+			Update("member_count", gorm.Expr("member_count + ?", len(members))).Error
+	})
+}
+
 // GetMember 获取群成员
 func (r *groupRepository) GetMember(groupID string, userID string) (*model.GroupMember, error) {
 	var member model.GroupMember
--- a/internal/router/router.go
+++ b/internal/router/router.go
@@ -10,6 +10,46 @@ import (
 	"with_you/internal/service"
 )

+// RouterDeps 路由依赖
+type RouterDeps struct {
+	UserRepo                 repository.UserRepository
+	UserHandler              *handler.UserHandler
+	PostHandler              *handler.PostHandler
+	CommentHandler           *handler.CommentHandler
+	MessageHandler           *handler.MessageHandler
+	NotificationHandler      *handler.NotificationHandler
+	UploadHandler            *handler.UploadHandler
+	PushHandler              *handler.PushHandler
+	SystemMessageHandler     *handler.SystemMessageHandler
+	GroupHandler             *handler.GroupHandler
+	StickerHandler           *handler.StickerHandler
+	VoteHandler              *handler.VoteHandler
+	ChannelHandler           *handler.ChannelHandler
+	ScheduleHandler          *handler.ScheduleHandler
+	RoleHandler              *handler.RoleHandler
+	AdminUserHandler         *handler.AdminUserHandler
+	AdminPostHandler         *handler.AdminPostHandler
+	AdminCommentHandler      *handler.AdminCommentHandler
+	AdminGroupHandler        *handler.AdminGroupHandler
+	AdminDashboardHandler    *handler.AdminDashboardHandler
+	AdminLogHandler          *handler.AdminLogHandler
+	QRCodeHandler            *handler.QRCodeHandler
+	MaterialHandler          *handler.MaterialHandler
+	CallHandler              *handler.CallHandler
+	ReportHandler            *handler.ReportHandler
+	AdminReportHandler       *handler.AdminReportHandler
+	VerificationHandler      *handler.VerificationHandler
+	AdminVerificationHandler *handler.AdminVerificationHandler
+	AdminProfileAuditHandler *handler.AdminProfileAuditHandler
+	SetupHandler             *handler.SetupHandler
+	TradeHandler             *handler.TradeHandler
+	WSHandler                *handler.WSHandler
+	JWTService               *service.JWTService
+	LogService               *service.LogService
+	ActivityService          service.UserActivityService
+	CasbinService            service.CasbinService
+}
+
 // Router 路由配置
 type Router struct {
 	engine                   *gin.Engine
@@ -51,86 +91,47 @@ type Router struct {
 }

 // New 创建路由
-func New(
-	userRepo repository.UserRepository,
-	userHandler *handler.UserHandler,
-	postHandler *handler.PostHandler,
-	commentHandler *handler.CommentHandler,
-	messageHandler *handler.MessageHandler,
-	notificationHandler *handler.NotificationHandler,
-	uploadHandler *handler.UploadHandler,
-	jwtService *service.JWTService,
-	pushHandler *handler.PushHandler,
-	systemMessageHandler *handler.SystemMessageHandler,
-	groupHandler *handler.GroupHandler,
-	stickerHandler *handler.StickerHandler,
-	voteHandler *handler.VoteHandler,
-	channelHandler *handler.ChannelHandler,
-	scheduleHandler *handler.ScheduleHandler,
-	roleHandler *handler.RoleHandler,
-	adminUserHandler *handler.AdminUserHandler,
-	adminPostHandler *handler.AdminPostHandler,
-	adminCommentHandler *handler.AdminCommentHandler,
-	adminGroupHandler *handler.AdminGroupHandler,
-	adminDashboardHandler *handler.AdminDashboardHandler,
-	adminLogHandler *handler.AdminLogHandler,
-	qrcodeHandler *handler.QRCodeHandler,
-	materialHandler *handler.MaterialHandler,
-	callHandler *handler.CallHandler,
-	reportHandler *handler.ReportHandler,
-	adminReportHandler *handler.AdminReportHandler,
-	verificationHandler *handler.VerificationHandler,
-	adminVerificationHandler *handler.AdminVerificationHandler,
-	adminProfileAuditHandler *handler.AdminProfileAuditHandler,
-	setupHandler            *handler.SetupHandler,
-	tradeHandler            *handler.TradeHandler,
-	logService               *service.LogService,
-	activityService service.UserActivityService,
-	casbinService service.CasbinService,
-	wsHandler *handler.WSHandler,
-) *Router {
-	// 设置JWT服务
-	userHandler.SetJWTService(jwtService)
-	// 设置活跃统计服务
-	userHandler.SetActivityService(activityService)
+func New(deps RouterDeps) *Router {
+	deps.UserHandler.SetJWTService(deps.JWTService)
+	deps.UserHandler.SetActivityService(deps.ActivityService)

 	r := &Router{
 		engine:                   gin.Default(),
-		userRepo:                 userRepo,
-		userHandler:              userHandler,
-		postHandler:              postHandler,
-		commentHandler:           commentHandler,
-		messageHandler:           messageHandler,
-		notificationHandler:      notificationHandler,
-		uploadHandler:            uploadHandler,
-		pushHandler:              pushHandler,
-		systemMessageHandler:     systemMessageHandler,
-		groupHandler:             groupHandler,
-		stickerHandler:           stickerHandler,
-		voteHandler:              voteHandler,
-		channelHandler:           channelHandler,
-		scheduleHandler:          scheduleHandler,
-		roleHandler:              roleHandler,
-		adminUserHandler:         adminUserHandler,
-		adminPostHandler:         adminPostHandler,
-		adminCommentHandler:      adminCommentHandler,
-		adminGroupHandler:        adminGroupHandler,
-		adminDashboardHandler:    adminDashboardHandler,
-		adminLogHandler:          adminLogHandler,
-		qrcodeHandler:            qrcodeHandler,
-		materialHandler:          materialHandler,
-		callHandler:              callHandler,
-		reportHandler:            reportHandler,
-		adminReportHandler:       adminReportHandler,
-		verificationHandler:      verificationHandler,
-		adminVerificationHandler: adminVerificationHandler,
-		adminProfileAuditHandler: adminProfileAuditHandler,
-		setupHandler:             setupHandler,
-		tradeHandler:             tradeHandler,
-		logService:               logService,
-		jwtService:               jwtService,
-		casbinService:            casbinService,
-		wsHandler:                wsHandler,
+		userRepo:                 deps.UserRepo,
+		userHandler:              deps.UserHandler,
+		postHandler:              deps.PostHandler,
+		commentHandler:           deps.CommentHandler,
+		messageHandler:           deps.MessageHandler,
+		notificationHandler:      deps.NotificationHandler,
+		uploadHandler:            deps.UploadHandler,
+		pushHandler:              deps.PushHandler,
+		systemMessageHandler:     deps.SystemMessageHandler,
+		groupHandler:             deps.GroupHandler,
+		stickerHandler:           deps.StickerHandler,
+		voteHandler:              deps.VoteHandler,
+		channelHandler:           deps.ChannelHandler,
+		scheduleHandler:          deps.ScheduleHandler,
+		roleHandler:              deps.RoleHandler,
+		adminUserHandler:         deps.AdminUserHandler,
+		adminPostHandler:         deps.AdminPostHandler,
+		adminCommentHandler:      deps.AdminCommentHandler,
+		adminGroupHandler:        deps.AdminGroupHandler,
+		adminDashboardHandler:    deps.AdminDashboardHandler,
+		adminLogHandler:          deps.AdminLogHandler,
+		qrcodeHandler:            deps.QRCodeHandler,
+		materialHandler:          deps.MaterialHandler,
+		callHandler:              deps.CallHandler,
+		reportHandler:            deps.ReportHandler,
+		adminReportHandler:       deps.AdminReportHandler,
+		verificationHandler:      deps.VerificationHandler,
+		adminVerificationHandler: deps.AdminVerificationHandler,
+		adminProfileAuditHandler: deps.AdminProfileAuditHandler,
+		setupHandler:             deps.SetupHandler,
+		tradeHandler:             deps.TradeHandler,
+		logService:               deps.LogService,
+		jwtService:               deps.JWTService,
+		casbinService:            deps.CasbinService,
+		wsHandler:                deps.WSHandler,
 	}

 	r.setupRoutes()
--- a/internal/service/chat_service.go
+++ b/internal/service/chat_service.go
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ import (
 // 撤回消息的时间限制（2分钟）
 const RecallMessageTimeout = 2 * time.Minute

+// 消息幂等性 TTL：24 小时内同一 client_msg_id 不会重复发送
+const messageIdempotentTTL = 24 * time.Hour
+
 // ChatService 聊天服务接口
 type ChatService interface {
 	// 会话管理
@@ -31,7 +34,7 @@ type ChatService interface {
 	SetConversationNotificationMuted(ctx context.Context, conversationID string, userID string, notificationMuted bool) error

 	// 消息操作
-	SendMessage(ctx context.Context, senderID string, conversationID string, segments model.MessageSegments, replyToID *string) (*model.Message, error)
+	SendMessage(ctx context.Context, senderID string, conversationID string, segments model.MessageSegments, replyToID *string, clientMsgID string) (*model.Message, error)
 	GetMessages(ctx context.Context, conversationID string, userID string, page, pageSize int) ([]*model.Message, int64, error)
 	GetMessagesAfterSeq(ctx context.Context, conversationID string, userID string, afterSeq int64, limit int) ([]*model.Message, error)
 	GetMessagesBeforeSeq(ctx context.Context, conversationID string, userID string, beforeSeq int64, limit int) ([]*model.Message, error)
@@ -57,15 +60,15 @@ type ChatService interface {

 // chatServiceImpl 聊天服务实现
 type chatServiceImpl struct {
-	repo      repository.MessageRepository
-	userRepo  repository.UserRepository
-	sensitive SensitiveService
-	wsHub     *ws.Hub
-	pushSvc   PushService
+	repo        repository.MessageRepository
+	userRepo    repository.UserRepository
+	sensitive   SensitiveService
+	wsHub       *ws.Hub
+	pushSvc     PushService
+	cache       cache.Cache

-	// 缓存相关字段
 	conversationCache *cache.ConversationCache
-	uploadService     *UploadService // 校验聊天图片 URL 来源
+	uploadService     *UploadService
 }

 // NewChatService 创建聊天服务
@@ -96,6 +99,7 @@ func NewChatService(
 		sensitive:         sensitive,
 		wsHub:             wsHub,
 		pushSvc:           pushSvc,
+		cache:             cacheBackend,
 		conversationCache: conversationCache,
 		uploadService:     uploadService,
 	}
@@ -245,9 +249,16 @@ func (s *chatServiceImpl) SetConversationNotificationMuted(ctx context.Context,
 	return nil
 }

-// SendMessage 发送消息（使用 segments）
-func (s *chatServiceImpl) SendMessage(ctx context.Context, senderID string, conversationID string, segments model.MessageSegments, replyToID *string) (*model.Message, error) {
-	// 首先验证会话是否存在
+func (s *chatServiceImpl) SendMessage(ctx context.Context, senderID string, conversationID string, segments model.MessageSegments, replyToID *string, clientMsgID string) (*model.Message, error) {
+	if clientMsgID != "" && s.cache != nil {
+		idemKey := cache.MessageIdempotentKey(senderID, clientMsgID)
+		if cachedMsgID, ok := cache.GetTyped[string](s.cache, idemKey); ok && cachedMsgID != "" {
+			if existing, err := s.repo.GetMessageByID(cachedMsgID); err == nil && existing != nil {
+				return existing, nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	conv, err := s.getConversation(ctx, conversationID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
@@ -332,7 +343,6 @@ func (s *chatServiceImpl) SendMessage(ctx context.Context, senderID string, conv
 		s.conversationCache.InvalidateMessagePages(conversationID)
 	}

-	// 异步写入缓存
 	go func() {
 		if err := s.cacheMessage(context.Background(), conversationID, message); err != nil {
 			zap.L().Warn("async cache message failed",
@@ -344,12 +354,15 @@ func (s *chatServiceImpl) SendMessage(ctx context.Context, senderID string, conv
 		}
 	}()

+	if clientMsgID != "" && s.cache != nil {
+		s.cache.Set(cache.MessageIdempotentKey(senderID, clientMsgID), message.ID, messageIdempotentTTL)
+	}
+
 	// 获取会话中的参与者并发送消息
 	participants, err := s.getParticipants(ctx, conversationID)
 	if err == nil {
 		targetIDs := make([]string, 0, len(participants))
 		for _, p := range participants {
-			// 私聊场景下，发送者已经从 HTTP 响应拿到消息，避免再通过 WebSocket 回推导致本端重复展示。
 			if conv.Type == model.ConversationTypePrivate && p.UserID == senderID {
 				continue
 			}
@@ -359,18 +372,21 @@ func (s *chatServiceImpl) SendMessage(ctx context.Context, senderID string, conv
 		if conv.Type == model.ConversationTypeGroup {
 			detailType = "group"
 		}
-		s.publishToUsers(targetIDs, "chat_message", map[string]any{
-			"detail_type": detailType,
-			"message":     dto.ConvertMessageToResponse(message),
-		})
+		if len(targetIDs) > 20 && conv.Type == model.ConversationTypeGroup {
+			s.wsHub.PublishToUsersConcurrent(targetIDs, "chat_message", map[string]any{
+				"detail_type": detailType,
+				"message":     dto.ConvertMessageToResponse(message),
+			})
+		} else {
+			s.publishToUsers(targetIDs, "chat_message", map[string]any{
+				"detail_type": detailType,
+				"message":     dto.ConvertMessageToResponse(message),
+			})
+		}
 		for _, p := range participants {
 			if p.UserID == senderID {
 				continue
 			}
-			// 失效未读数缓存
-			if s.conversationCache != nil {
-				s.conversationCache.InvalidateUnreadCount(p.UserID, conversationID)
-			}
 			if totalUnread, uErr := s.repo.GetAllUnreadCount(p.UserID); uErr == nil {
 				s.publishToUsers([]string{p.UserID}, "conversation_unread", map[string]any{
 					"conversation_id": conversationID,
@@ -380,14 +396,22 @@ func (s *chatServiceImpl) SendMessage(ctx context.Context, senderID string, conv
 		}
 	}

-	// 失效会话列表缓存
 	if s.conversationCache != nil {
+		keys := make([]string, 0, len(participants)*2)
+		for _, p := range participants {
+			keys = append(keys,
+				cache.UnreadDetailKey(p.UserID, conversationID),
+				cache.UnreadConversationKey(p.UserID),
+			)
+		}
+		if len(keys) > 0 {
+			s.cache.DeleteBatch(keys)
+		}
 		for _, p := range participants {
 			s.conversationCache.InvalidateConversationList(p.UserID)
 		}
 	}

-	// 对离线用户通过 JPush 推送聊天消息通知
 	if s.pushSvc != nil && len(participants) > 0 {
 		sender := ChatMessageSender{ID: senderID}
 		if senderUser, sErr := s.userRepo.GetByID(senderID); sErr == nil {
@@ -399,26 +423,37 @@ func (s *chatServiceImpl) SendMessage(ctx context.Context, senderID string, conv
 		if conv.Type == model.ConversationTypeGroup && conv.Group != nil {
 			convName = conv.Group.Name
 		}
+		allTargetIDs := make([]string, 0, len(participants))
 		for _, p := range participants {
 			if p.UserID == senderID {
 				continue
 			}
-			go func(userID string, sender ChatMessageSender) {
-				if pushErr := s.pushSvc.PushChatMessage(context.Background(), userID, conversationID, &sender, convType, convName, message); pushErr != nil {
-					zap.L().Debug("push chat message skipped or failed",
-						zap.String("userID", userID),
-						zap.String("conversationID", conversationID),
-						zap.Error(pushErr),
-					)
+			allTargetIDs = append(allTargetIDs, p.UserID)
+		}
+		var offlineTargetIDs []string
+		if s.wsHub != nil && len(allTargetIDs) > 0 {
+			_, offlineTargetIDs = s.wsHub.FilterOnline(allTargetIDs)
+		} else {
+			offlineTargetIDs = allTargetIDs
+		}
+		if len(offlineTargetIDs) > 0 {
+			go func(ids []string, sender ChatMessageSender) {
+				for _, uid := range ids {
+					if pushErr := s.pushSvc.PushChatMessage(context.Background(), uid, conversationID, &sender, convType, convName, message); pushErr != nil {
+						zap.L().Debug("push chat message failed",
+							zap.String("userID", uid),
+							zap.String("conversationID", conversationID),
+							zap.Error(pushErr),
+						)
+					}
 				}
-			}(p.UserID, sender)
+			}(offlineTargetIDs, sender)
 		}
 	}

 	return message, nil
 }

-// getConversation 获取会话（优先使用缓存）
 func (s *chatServiceImpl) getConversation(ctx context.Context, conversationID string) (*model.Conversation, error) {
 	if s.conversationCache != nil {
 		return s.conversationCache.GetConversation(ctx, conversationID)
--- a/internal/service/trade_service.go
+++ b/internal/service/trade_service.go
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (

 type TradeService interface {
 	Create(ctx context.Context, userID string, req dto.CreateTradeItemRequest) (*model.TradeItem, error)
-	GetByID(ctx context.Context, id string, currentUserID *string) (*dto.TradeItemDetailResponse, error)
+	GetByID(ctx context.Context, id string, currentUserID *string) (*dto.TradeItemResponse, error)
 	Update(ctx context.Context, userID string, id string, req dto.UpdateTradeItemRequest) error
 	Delete(ctx context.Context, userID string, id string) error
 	UpdateStatus(ctx context.Context, userID string, id string, status model.TradeItemStatus) error
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func (s *tradeService) Create(ctx context.Context, userID string, req dto.Create
 	return item, nil
 }

-func (s *tradeService) GetByID(ctx context.Context, id string, currentUserID *string) (*dto.TradeItemDetailResponse, error) {
+func (s *tradeService) GetByID(ctx context.Context, id string, currentUserID *string) (*dto.TradeItemResponse, error) {
 	item, err := s.tradeRepo.GetByID(ctx, id)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) {
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ func (s *tradeService) GetByID(ctx context.Context, id string, currentUserID *st

 	_ = s.tradeRepo.IncrementViews(ctx, id)

-	return dto.ConvertTradeItemToDetailResponse(item, isFavorited), nil
+	return dto.ConvertTradeItemToResponse(item, isFavorited), nil
 }

 func (s *tradeService) Update(ctx context.Context, userID string, id string, req dto.UpdateTradeItemRequest) error {